The diversity of neuronal phenotypes in rodent and human autonomic ganglia

  • Selective sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways that act on target organs represent the terminal actors in the neurobiology of homeostasis and often become compromised during a range of neurodegenerative and traumatic disorders. Here, we delineate several neurotransmitter and neuromodulator phenotypes found in diverse parasympathetic and sympathetic ganglia in humans and rodent species. The comparative approach reveals evolutionarily conserved and non-conserved phenotypic marker constellations. A developmental analysis examining the acquisition of selected neurotransmitter properties has provided a detailed, but still incomplete, understanding of the origins of a set of noradrenergic and cholinergic sympathetic neuron populations, found in the cervical and trunk region. A corresponding analysis examining cholinergic and nitrergic parasympathetic neurons in the head, and a range of pelvic neuron populations, with noradrenergic, cholinergic, nitrergic, and mixed transmitter phenotypes, remains open. Of particular interest are the molecular mechanisms and nuclear processes that are responsible for the correlated expression of the various genes required to achieve the noradrenergic phenotype, the segregation of cholinergic locus gene expression, and the regulation of genes that are necessary to generate a nitrergic phenotype. Unraveling the neuron population-specific expression of adhesion molecules, which are involved in axonal outgrowth, pathway selection, and synaptic organization, will advance the study of target-selective autonomic pathway generation.

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Author:Uwe ErnsbergerGND, Thomas DellerORCiDGND, Hermann RohrerORCiD
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-757176
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-020-03279-6
ISSN:1432-0878
Parent Title (English):Cell & tissue research
Publisher:Springer
Place of publication:Berlin ; Heidelberg
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2020/09/15
Date of first Publication:2020/09/15
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2023/11/23
Tag:Neuron; Neurotransmitter; Parasympathetic; Pelvic; Sympathetic
Volume:382
Issue:2
Page Number:31
First Page:201
Last Page:231
Note:
Open Access funding provided by Projekt DEAL.
HeBIS-PPN:514473118
Institutes:Medizin
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International