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Collective Identity Change under Exogenous Shocks: The Gülen Movement and Its Diasporization
[journal article]
Abstract Diasporas do not arise from fixed connections to objective circumstances such as dispersion or relation to a homeland, but instead constantly are negotiated and re-constituted. Ranging from internal gradual change to sudden exogenous change, the re-making of a diaspora can take diverse forms. Despit... view more
Diasporas do not arise from fixed connections to objective circumstances such as dispersion or relation to a homeland, but instead constantly are negotiated and re-constituted. Ranging from internal gradual change to sudden exogenous change, the re-making of a diaspora can take diverse forms. Despite the prevalence of constructivist and processual approaches, however, research on diaspora identity change has been limited. This paper takes a comparative historical perspective to the post-2016 diasporization of the Gülen Movement (GM) and discusses how the GM responded differently to sudden exogenous shocks in 1997, 2007, and 2016. In both historical institutionalism and rational choice theories, the sudden exogenous shocks do the heavy lifting to explain change; however, it is rather the endogenous parameters that account for the variation in the GM's responses to those shocks.... view less
Keywords
Turkey; diaspora; identity; national identity; political identity; political movement; islamism
Classification
Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture
Free Keywords
Gülen-Bewegung
Document language
English
Publication Year
2022
Page/Pages
p. 385-399
Journal
Middle East Critique, 31 (2022) 4
Issue topic
Special Issue on Turkey's Diasporas
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2022.2135363
ISSN
1943-6157
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed