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Essstörungen im Jugendalter: eine Reaktionsform auf gesellschaftlichen Wandel

Eating-disorders in adolescents: a socio-somatic reaction to social change
[journal article]

Kardorff, Ernst von
Ohlbrecht, Heike

Abstract

'Sozialepidemiologische Studien belegen eine starke säkulare Zunahme von Essstörungen im Jugendalter, insbesondere von Adipositas. In vielen Studien dominieren individualisierende Erklärungsansätze, die die Rolle sozialen Wandels für die Genese von Essstörungen verkennen. Ihre soziale Verteilung - A... view more

'Sozialepidemiologische Studien belegen eine starke säkulare Zunahme von Essstörungen im Jugendalter, insbesondere von Adipositas. In vielen Studien dominieren individualisierende Erklärungsansätze, die die Rolle sozialen Wandels für die Genese von Essstörungen verkennen. Ihre soziale Verteilung - Adipositas dominiert in sozial benachteiligten Milieus, Bulimie in den oberen Schichten - ist dabei nur ein Indikator für ihre soziale Bedingtheit. In dem Plädoyer der Verfasser für eine soziologische Interpretation sehen die Verfasser jugendliche Essstörungen als eine sozio-somatische Reaktion auf sozialen Wandel, vor allem auf den gestiegenen Anpassungsdruck an Leistung und Konkurrenz und die medial propagierten Bilder idealer Körper. Dies wirkt sich auf Körperselbstdarstellung und Identitätsbildung von Jugendlichen aus. Im Kontext veränderter Muster der alltäglichen Lebensführung begreifen die Verfasser Essstörungen als symbolische 'Wahlen' einer körperlichen Verweigerung von Ansprüchen (im Fall von Adipositas) bzw. als Überanpassung an soziale Anforderungen (im Fall von Bulimie).' (Autorenreferat)... view less


'Epidemiological studies show a considerable secular increase of eating-disorders, especially of obesity in adolescents. Most studies prefer an individualistic explanation of the facts thereby overlooking the evidence for social change as an important agent in the development of eating-disorders. Th... view more

'Epidemiological studies show a considerable secular increase of eating-disorders, especially of obesity in adolescents. Most studies prefer an individualistic explanation of the facts thereby overlooking the evidence for social change as an important agent in the development of eating-disorders. Their social distribution - obesity dominates in the lower class, bulimia among female adolescents in the upper-class - is only one of the indicators for their social causation. In their plea for a sociological interpretation of eating-disorders among adolescents the authors see them as a specific socio-somatic reaction to social change, especially to the increased squeeze for adjustment to achievement and competence in the light of observed insecurities and to the public presentations of perfect bodies. This affects adolescents' identity-formation and their 'body-politics'. In the context of changed patterns of coping with life the authors see eating-disorders as a symbolic 'chosen' bodily disorder to disclaim social demands (in the case of obesity), or to over adjust to the requirements of modern social change (in the case of bulimia).' (author's abstract)|... view less

Keywords
adolescence; determinants; expectation; eating behavior; socialization; eating disorder; epidemiology; sociological theory; body; identity formation; adolescent; self-presentation; identity; competition; research approach; achievement; psychophysical stress; social change; health behavior

Classification
Sociology of the Youth, Sociology of Childhood
Psychological Disorders, Mental Health Treatment and Prevention

Method
theory application; descriptive study

Document language
German

Publication Year
2007

Page/Pages
p. 155-168

Journal
Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung / Discourse. Journal of Childhood and Adolescence Research, 2 (2007) 2

ISSN
1862-5002

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0


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