Can children and adolescents with ADHD use attention to maintain verbal information in working memory?

Details

Ressource 1Download: pone.0282896.pdf (1821.07 [Ko])
State: Public
Version: Final published version
License: CC BY 4.0
Serval ID
serval:BIB_D9B14182A22D
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Can children and adolescents with ADHD use attention to maintain verbal information in working memory?
Journal
PloS one
Author(s)
Superbia-Guimarães L., Bader M., Camos V.
ISSN
1932-6203 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
1932-6203
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2023
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
18
Number
3
Pages
e0282896
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: epublish
Abstract
Children and adolescents with attentional-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) present deficits in working memory (WM), but accounts for this phenomenon are still lacking. In this study, we used two variations of a complex-span task to test whether a specific WM mechanism, attentional refreshing, causes these deficits. Attentional refreshing is a maintenance strategy based on the sequential switch of attention between maintaining and processing information in WM. Its use is evidenced by a decrease in recall performance proportional to the distraction of attention away from the memoranda. In this study, we designed two experiments requiring children and adolescents with ADHD symptoms to maintain sequences of letters for subsequent recall, while performing a distracting task. In Experiment 1, the distracting task consisted of reading digits aloud. In Experiment 2, it consisted in making spatial judgements. The pace of the distracting tasks was varied to manipulate the level of attentional distraction. We observed that recall in ADHD participants was higher in the distracting conditions that give attention more opportunity to refresh letters. Moreover, ADHD participants had a similar recall performance to their age-matched typically developing peers. This study shows first evidence that individuals with ADHD can use attention to maintain verbal information in WM and calls for more research to understand their WM development.
Keywords
Humans, Child, Adolescent, Memory, Short-Term, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis, Mental Recall, Judgment, Neuropsychological Tests
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
24/03/2023 12:51
Last modification date
17/10/2023 7:24
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