Brinke, Ines: Genomic indicators for boar taint and fertility in Landrace and Large White populations. - Bonn, 2021. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-62456
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/9157,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-62456,
author = {{Ines Brinke}},
title = {Genomic indicators for boar taint and fertility in Landrace and Large White populations},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2021,
month = jun,

note = {Castration of male piglets in their first week of life is a commonly used but critically reflected method to avoid boar taint. Fattening of entire males represents a long-term sustainable alternative to castration but physiological interrelations to steroid hormone synthesis have emerged as a possible conflict if breeding against boar taint. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reveal the genetic relationships (rg) between boar taint and fertility in Landrace (LR) and Large White (LW) populations, as they represent the two most popular German nucleus dam breeds. As a first step, variance components of boar taint compounds androstenone (AND) and skatole (SKA) and male / female reproduction traits as well as their genetic relationships were estimated. Datasets of 2,729 LR and 2,908 LW animals from a commercial breeding organization were used as a basis of this analysis. Results showed moderate to high heritabilities (h2) for AND (0.50 in LR, 0.39 in in LW) and SKA (0.52 in LR, 0.32 in LW). Genetic correlations showed an inconsistent picture of adverse effects on fertility among both breeds. The rg between both boar taint compounds and number of piglets born alive (NBA) were unfavorable in LR (rg between 0.18 and 0.38) and favorable in LW (rg between -0.15 and -0.25). Genome wide association analysis (GWAS) were performed to identify genes and genomic regions with possible pleiotropic effects. Results confirmed a previously reported region for SKA metabolism at 141.6 Mb on Sus scrofa chromosome (SSC) 14 in both breeds.
In a following step, endocrine fertility parameters (EFP) were investigated in 500 young boars and 500 female pigs. In addition to data for boar taint from the first analysis, boar taint phenotypes from 969 boars from herd book organizations were included. Variance component estimation (VCE) revealed unfavorable rg between AND and testosterone (TEST) / estradiol (EST) in both breeds (rg = 0.62-0.83 for TEST, rg = 0.46-0.49 for EST). GWAS was performed to genetically characterize the analyzed traits. GWAS for SKA in the herd book population confirmed the region on SSC 14 from the preceding analyses. A region with possible pleiotropic effects between several EFP was identified on SSC 7 between 113.1-117.9 Mb.
In general, the moderate to high h2 of AND and SKA confirmed the genetic foundation of boar taint traits and their potential for selection. However, rg also confirmed the physiological assumptions of a common genetic background of boar taint and reproduction / EFP. GWAS verified a previous identified candidate gene for SKA in both breeds on SSC 14 and revealed a region on SSC 7 with possible pleiotropic effects between several EFP. First results for different genomic selection (GS) scenarios showed, that a selection formula should be developed separated by breed to reach sufficient accuracies. As a consequence, implementation of boar taint in selection strategies is only advisable if intensive monitoring of fertility is taking place. Although there are no indicators for an overall negative impairment of reproduction traits, genetic relationships to EFP emphasized an unfavorable reduction of hormone concentrations of breeding against boar taint.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/9157}
}

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