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Safety and Efficacy of Immunoadsorption as an Add-On to Medical Treatment in Patients with Severe Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

  • Background: Despite optimized medical therapy, severe idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a devastating disease with a poor outcome. Autoantibodies have been detected in IPAH that can contribute to worsening of the disease. Objectives: The objective of this prospective, open-label, single-arm, multicenter trial was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of immunoadsorption (IA) as an add-on to optimized medical treatment for patients with IPAH. Methods: A total of 10 IPAH patients received IA over 5 days. Their clinical parameters, including hemodynamics measured by right heart catheter, were assessed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. The primary endpoint was the change in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Secondary endpoints included the change in 6-min walking distance, quality of life, safety, and plasma levels of IgG and autoantibodies. Results: The evaluation of the 10 IPAH patients (75% female; 51 ± 12 years; 166 ± 10 cm; WHO functional class III; 53% on combination therapy) revealed that IA was a safe procedure that efficiently removed IgG and autoantibodies from the circulation. After 3 months, the mean PVR improved significantly by 13.2% (p = 0.03) and the cardiac index improved by 13.1%, but no significant changes were found in 6-min walking distance. The quality of life physical functioning subscale score significantly improved after 6 months. The serious adverse events in 3 patients were possibly related to IA and included pneumonia, temporary disturbance in attention, and thrombocytopenia. Conclusions: IA as an add-on to targeted medical treatment for IPAH is a safe procedure with beneficial effects on hemodynamics, especially in patients with high levels of autoantibodies. Larger-scale controlled studies are needed to assess its efficacy in IPAH and to identify responders.

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Metadaten
Author: Christian Nagel, Ralf Ewert, Benjamin Egenlauf, Hans B. Lehmkuhl, Stephan Rosenkranz, Nicola Benjamin, Vedat Schwenger, Felix J.F. Herth, Ekkehard Grünig
URN:urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-30879
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1159/000478744
ISSN:0025-7931
ISSN:1423-0356
Pubmed Id:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28787715
Parent Title (English):Respiration
Publisher:S. Karger AG
Place of publication:Basel, Switzerland
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of first Publication:2017/08/05
Release Date:2020/04/24
Tag:Autoantibodies; Immunoadsorption; Plasmapheresis; Pulmonary arterial hypertension
GND Keyword:-
Volume:94
Issue:3
First Page:263
Last Page:271
Faculties:Universitätsmedizin / Kliniken und Polikliniken für Innere Medizin
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - Namensnennung-Nicht kommerziell-Keine Bearbeitung