Design of microstructured fibers for hollow core guidance

Instead of the traditional index guidance, microstructured fibers can guide light in a core of refractive index lower than that of its cladding using mechanisms like photonic band gap guidance, inhibited coupling guidance and anti-resonant guidance. Their guidance is usually leaky and depends on the photonic properties of their structured cladding. Specifically, photonic band gap guidance is possible with photonic crystals, whose photonic band gaps appear below the refractive index index of the core. Guidance in a low-index core or hollow core guidance, is of interest for applications in the fields of bioanalytic, quantum gas, lasers and others that involve interacting of the light with confined matter of low refractive index. My work is aimed at investigating the possibility of hollow core guidance with an all-solid microstructured cladding. Ideally, such a hollow core waveguide is expected to have obvious guidance advantages over capillaries. Besides, it also surpasses the holey hollow core band gap fibers in the optofluidic applications by avoiding undesired penetration of the liquid into the cladding channels. To achieve the design of the ideal hollow core waveguide, I developed two models for all relevant modes in microstructured fibers: an analytical method with binary functions and a reflection-based planar model. While the binary functions for photonic band gap is more about ideal periodic structures extended into infinite, the reflection and transmission analysis with a reflection-based planar model is more practical to be used for waveguides with finite periodic structures and deliberately induced disorder.

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