Adjustment of posture as a measure to accommodate uneven ground

In this work, we gained more insight into the functional role of trunk in human locomotion through the exploration of the biomechanical behavior of human walking in the presence of an expected twofold perturbation. First, this work presents the influence of the trunk orientation on leg function with stress on the analogy between locomotion in birds and humans (Chapter 2). By examining the human leg function during walking under changes in the trunk kinematics — up to the maximal sagittal flexion — and comparing it to that of small-bodied birds, we found that mimicking the birds’ posture induces a comparable behavior in leg function despite a different body size and morphology of the segmented legs. Furthermore, comparison of two simplified models for the first time, namely spring and damper in series and parallel spring and damper, revealed that the former model predicts the axial leg forces superior than the latter model during stance phase of walking with various degrees of trunk orientation.

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