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Syntaktische Funktionen von Nominalphrasen und Funktionen der Kasus

  • Dieses Kapitel untersucht die syntaktischen Funktionen von vollen (nicht-pronominalen) Nominalphrasen (NPs) und die Funktionen der vier Kasus des Deutschen aus quantitativer Perspektive. Es wird vorgeschlagen, das Konzept der syntaktischen Funktion in grundlegendere Merkmale zu zerlegen. Dazu gehören der Typ desjenigen Elements, dem die NP untergeordnet ist, und die Art der Beziehung zwischen der NP und dem übergeordneten Element (ganz allgemein: Komplementation vs. Modifikation).
  • The present chapter investigates the syntactic functions of noun phrases (NPs) and the functions of the four grammatical cases in German from a quantitative perspective. We propose that what is called a given constituent’s ‘syntactic function’ should be broken down into more basic notions. These include the type of element to which the constituent in question is subordinate (e. g. verb, preposition, noun) and the nature of the relation between the subordinate constituent and its superordinate element (most generally: complementation vs. modification). Based on a random sample of 7.813 NPs, it is shown that most NPs are subordinate to either a verb, a preposition or a noun. The verb-dependent NPs are overwhelmingly accounted for by two types of complements, viz. (nominative) subjects and accusative objects, the preposition-dependent NPs are mostly accounted for by complements occurring in the dative or accusative, and the noun-dependent NPs are mostly accounted for by genitives usually judged as modifiers. Three of the four cases are thus characterized by one dominant ‘function’, understood as describing a particular relation to a particular superordinate element: The majority of nominatives are accounted for by subjects; the majority of datives are accounted for by complements of prepositions, and the majority of genitives are found on modifiers to a noun. Only the accusative is frequent in two functions, viz. both as an object and as a complement of a preposition.

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Metadaten
Author:Thilo WeberORCiDGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-107350
DOI:https://doi.org/10.17885/heiup.bkgd.2021.1.24419
ISBN:978-3-96822-106-9
ISSN:2702-2099
Parent Title (German):Determination, syntaktische Funktionen der Nominalphrase und Attribution.
Series (Serial Number):Bausteine einer Korpusgrammatik des Deutschen (2)
Publisher:Heidelberg University Publishing
Place of publication:Heidelberg
Editor:Marek Konopka, Angelika Wöllstein, Ekkehard Felder
Document Type:Part of a Book
Language:German
Year of first Publication:2021
Date of Publication (online):2021/10/26
Publishing Institution:Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)
Publicationstate:Veröffentlichungsversion
Reviewstate:(Verlags)-Lektorat
Ressource:https://doi.org/10.14618/lex.nominalphrasendb
Tag:Grammatische Rollen; Kasus; Syntaktische Funktionen; Syntaktische Relationen
case; grammatical roles; syntactic functions; syntactic relations
GND Keyword:Deutsch; Grammatik; Grammatische Relation; Kasus; Korpus <Linguistik>; Nominalphrase; Syntax
First Page:63
Last Page:102
DDC classes:400 Sprache / 400 Sprache, Linguistik
Open Access?:ja
BDSL-Classification:Grammatik
Leibniz-Classification:Sprache, Linguistik
Linguistics-Classification:Grammatikforschung
Program areas:G1: Beschreibung und Erschließung Grammatischen Wissens
Licence (English):License LogoCreative Commons - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International