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The Dynamics of Reactive Halogen Species at the Dead Sea Valley

Schmitt, Stefan

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Abstract

Reactive halogen species (RHS) have a significant impact on the chemical composition of the atmosphere. With its high halite abundance and unique topography the Dead Sea Valley (DSV) is predestined for the investigation of RHS. In the frame work of this thesis, two extensive measurement campaigns were carried out at the DSV in May 2012 and November 2014. The comparison of MAX-DOAS and LP-DOAS data with meteorological measurements indicates strong impact of transport process on the observed trace gas dynamics. The strong depletion of NO2 mixing ratios during daytime coincides with increased RHS abundance and suggests the formation of halogenated nitrate compounds. These are assumed to enhance the release of RHS from aerosol surfaces by heterogeneous processes. Elevated, confined layers of BrO of up to 50 pptv suggest the release of reactive bromine compounds from aerosol surfaces. The correlation of IO with surface waves indicates abiotic iodine release as a result of increased gas exchange at the water surface. For the first time, gaseous molecular iodine (up to 70 pptv) was detected at the DSV serving as a precursor for reactive iodine. Further, first direct evidence for reactive chlorine chemistry at the DSV was found by the detection of OClO at mixing ratios of up to 6 pptv.

Document type: Dissertation
Supervisor: Platt, Prof. Dr. Ulrich
Place of Publication: Heidelberg, Germany
Date of thesis defense: 3 February 2016
Date Deposited: 17 Feb 2016 10:04
Date: 2016
Faculties / Institutes: The Faculty of Physics and Astronomy > Institute of Environmental Physics
DDC-classification: 500 Natural sciences and mathematics
530 Physics
540 Chemistry and allied sciences
550 Earth sciences
Controlled Keywords: Physik, Umwelt, Totes Meer, Halogene, Fernerkundung, Spektroskopie, DOAS
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