Abstract
This review on herpes simplex virus type I and type II (HSV‑I, HSV‑II) summarizes recent developments in clinical manifestations and treatment interventions for primary and recurrent orolabial and genital herpes, as well as those regarding vaccination issues. Among the clinical presentations, the relationship between pyogenic granuloma and chronic HSV‑I infection; HSV-related folliculitis; verrucous HSV‑I and HSV‑II lesions; the role of recurrent HSV‑I infection in burning mouth syndrome; HSV‑I and HSV‑II infection of the periareolar area; zosteriform HSV; the “knife-cut sign”; and the preferential colonization and infection of preexisting dermatoses by HSV‑I or HSV‑II are discussed. The usual antiviral treatment regimens for primary and recurrent orolabial and genital herpes are compared to short-term and one-day treatment options. New anti-HSV‑I and anti-HSV‑II agents include amenavir, pritelivir, brincidofovir, valomaciclovir, and FV-100. Therapeutic or preventive vaccination against HSV‑I and HSV‑II infections still remains a highly desirable treatment aim, which, unfortunately, has no clinically relevant applications to date.
Zusammenfassung
In der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit zum Herpes-simplex-Virus Typ I und II (HSV‑I, HSV‑II) werden aktuelle Entwicklungen in Bezug auf klinische Symptome, Behandlungsmaßnahmen bei primärem und rezidivierendem Lippen- und Genitalherpes sowie Fragen zur Impfung zusammengefasst. Hinsichtlich der klinischen Manifestationen werden der Zusammenhang zwischen pyogenem Granulom und chronischer HSV‑I-Infektion, die HSV-bedingte Follikulitis, verruköse HSV‑I- und HSV‑II-Läsionen, die Rolle der rezidivierenden HSV‑I-Infektion beim Burning-Mouth-Syndrom, HSV‑I- und HSV‑II-Infektion des periareolären Bereichs, das zosteriforme HSV, das “knife-cut sign” (Messerschnittzeichen) und die bevorzugte Kolonisierung und Infektion vorbestehender Dermatosen durch HSV‑I oder HSV‑II erörtert. Die üblichen antiviralen Therapieschemata bei primärem und rezidivierendem Lippen- und Genitalherpes werden mit den Optionen der Kurzzeit- und der Ein-Tages-Therapie verglichen. Zu den neuen Anti-HSV‑I- und -HSV‑II-Agenzien gehören Amenavir, Pritelivir, Brincidofovir, Valomaciclovir und FV-100. Die therapeutische oder präventive Impfung gegen HSV‑I- und HSV‑II-Infektionen bleibt ein sehr wünschenswertes Therapieziel, zu dem es bisher leider noch keine klinisch relevanten Anwendungen gibt.
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L. El Hayderi, A. Rübben, and A.F. Nikkels declare that they have no competing interests.
This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
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The German version of this article can be found under doi:10.1007/s00105-016-3929-5.
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El Hayderi, L., Rübben, A. & Nikkels, A.F. The alpha-herpesviridae in dermatology. Hautarzt 68 (Suppl 1), 1–5 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-016-3919-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-016-3919-7