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Enhanced Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Phytochemical Loaded-Silver Nanoparticles Using Curculigo orchioides Leaf Extracts with Different Extraction Techniques

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Abstract

Green synthesis of nano-materials is attracting high research attention nowadays, due to its eco-friendly features. This study describes an efficient method for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by two extraction techniques (boiling-CoBLE and grinding-CoGLE) using the leaf extracts of Curculigo orchioides Gaetrn. Then, we evaluated their antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity on Henrietta Lacks (HeLa) cells. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by peaks at 433 nm (CoBLE) and 443 nm (CoGLE) in UV–Visible spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of metallic silver ions. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated the presence of various bioactive compounds with –OH functional groups that might act as capping and stabilizing agent for nano-synthesis. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) suggested that AgNPs were spherical in morphology, with smooth edges and size ranging from 5 to 17 nm. The maximum zone of growth inhibition was observed for CoBLENPs against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (14 mm). Cytotoxicity of AgNPs was determined and the inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 6.33 and 57.53 µg/mL for HeLa and Vero cell lines, respectively. Overall, our results suggest that AgNPs synthesized using the leaf extracts of C. orchioides may represent a promising source of nano-drugs for cancer therapy in near future.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledged Periyar University, Salem for providing UGC-Non-SAP, Research Fellowship, (Govt. of India) to T. Kayalvizhi. G. Benelli is sponsored by Regione Toscana PROAPI (PRAF 2015) and University of Pisa, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Grant ID: COFIN2015_22). Founding sponsors had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636 011, India

    Perumal Venkatachalam, Thamilchelvan Kayalvizhi & Jinu Udayabanu

  2. Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via Del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy

    Giovanni Benelli

  3. Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 046, India

    Natesan Geetha

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  1. Perumal Venkatachalam
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  2. Thamilchelvan Kayalvizhi
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  3. Jinu Udayabanu
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  4. Giovanni Benelli
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  5. Natesan Geetha
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Correspondence to Perumal Venkatachalam.

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Venkatachalam, P., Kayalvizhi, T., Udayabanu, J. et al. Enhanced Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Phytochemical Loaded-Silver Nanoparticles Using Curculigo orchioides Leaf Extracts with Different Extraction Techniques. J Clust Sci 28, 607–619 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-016-1141-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-016-1141-5

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