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Climate change effects on the stability and chemistry of soil organic carbon pools in a subalpine grassland

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Abstract

Mountain soils stock large quantities of carbon as particulate organic matter that may be highly vulnerable to climate change. To explore potential shifts in soil organic matter (SOM) form and stability under climate change (warming and reduced precipitations), we studied the dynamics of SOM pools of a mountain grassland in the Swiss Jura as part of a climate manipulation experiment. The climate manipulation (elevational soil transplantation) was set up in October 2009 and simulated two realistic climate change scenarios. After 4 years of manipulation, we performed SOM physical fractionation to extract SOM fractions corresponding to specific turnover rates, in winter and in summer. Soil organic matter fraction chemistry was studied with ultraviolet, 3D fluorescence, and mid-infrared spectroscopies. The most labile SOM fractions showed high intra-annual dynamics (amounts and chemistry) mediated via the seasonal changes of fresh plant debris inputs and confirming their high contribution to the microbial loop. Our climate change manipulation modified the chemical differences between free and intra-aggregate organic matter, suggesting a modification of soil macro-aggregates dynamics. Interestingly, the 4-year climate manipulation affected directly the SOM dynamics, with a decrease in organic C bulk soil content, resulting from significant C-losses in the mineral-associated SOM fraction (MAOM), the most stable form of SOM. This SOC decrease was associated with a decrease in clay content, above- and belowground plants biomass, soil microbial biomass and activity. The combination of these climate changes effects on the plant–soil system could have led to increase C-losses from the MAOM fraction through clay-SOM washing out and DOC leaching in this subalpine grassland.

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Acknowledgements

This work has been funded by IRSTEA, by the CCES (Competence Center Environment and Sustainability of the ETH Domain, Switzerland) as part of the Mountland project, and supported by a grant from Labex OSUG@2020 (Investissements d’avenir – ANR10 LABX56) and by a grant from the French Ministry of Higher Education and Research (Ph.D. thesis of J. Puissant, EDISCE Doctoral School). BJMR was supported through the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO; Research Innovation Scheme 863.10.014). P. Barré (CNRS/Ens Paris, France) provided useful advices regarding the SOM fractionation scheme used in this work. Robert Griffiths (Centre of Ecology and Hydrology, UK) is thanked for his precious helps. T. Goïtré and T. Rolland are thanked for the help with soil fractionation work and Giles Strachan is thanked for his precious help with SSB. Two anonymous reviewers and the editor are thanked for their constructive comments which strongly improved this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Irstea, UR EMGR, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2 rue de la Papeterie-BP 76, 38402, St-Martin-d’Hères, France

    Jérémy Puissant, Sébastien De Danieli, Thomas Spiegelberger, Jean-Jacques Brun & Lauric Cécillon

  2. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK

    Jérémy Puissant

  3. Laboratory of Ecological Systems ECOS, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering ENAC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Station 2, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Robert T. E. Mills, Bjorn J. M. Robroek & Alexandre Buttler

  4. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Robert T. E. Mills, Bjorn J. M. Robroek & Alexandre Buttler

  5. Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Climate Impacts Research Centre, Umeå University, 98107, Abisko, Sweden

    Konstantin Gavazov

  6. EDYTEM Environnements, DYnamiques et TErritoires de la Montagne, Université de Savoie Laboratoire EDYTEM - UMR5204, Bâtiment «Pôle Montagne», 73376, Le Bourget du Lac Cedex, France

    Yves Perrette

  7. Laboratoire de Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS 6249, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon, France

    Alexandre Buttler

  8. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancashire, LA1 4YQ, UK

    Robert T. E. Mills

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  1. Jérémy Puissant
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Puissant, J., Mills, R.T.E., Robroek, B.J.M. et al. Climate change effects on the stability and chemistry of soil organic carbon pools in a subalpine grassland. Biogeochemistry 132, 123–139 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-016-0291-8

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