Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Current Status of Regenerative Periodontal Treatment

  • Orodental Regenerative Medicine (M Bartold, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Oral Health Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Periodontal regenerative therapy aims to completely restore the tooth’s supporting tissues (e.g., periodontal ligament, root cementum, alveolar bone, and gingiva) which have been lost following periodontal disease or trauma. The histologic outcomes should translate in substantial clinical improvements evidenced by probing depth reduction, gain in clinical attachment level, and bone fill. The present review provides a brief overview of the current status of periodontal regenerative therapy.

Recent Findings

There is plenty of evidence to support the use of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) techniques and the application of enamel matrix proteins (EMD) onto the exposed root result in true periodontal regenerative. The use of various growth factors and autologous blood concentrates for periodontal regeneration also have produced positive results, but more studies are needed. In general, both GTR and EMD, alone or in combination with bone grafts or substitutes, result in larger clinical improvements compared to conventional periodontal treatment for deep intrabony and furcation Class II defects. Important factors that negatively impact on the clinical outcomes of periodontal regeneration procedures are smoking, large number of remaining sites with bleeding on probing, bad oral hygiene, and increased tooth mobility.

Conclusions

The magnitude of improvement arising from periodontal regenerative techniques and procedures depends largely on operator skills, not only in terms of dexterity but also on the ability to choose the best approach regarding the surgical technique and the regenerative technology depending on patient- and site-specific criteria. The clinical improvements after regenerative treatment can be preserved on a long-term basis on the majority of treated sites, provided that patients do not smoke, keep high oral hygiene standards, and attend regularly SPT.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

  1. Laurell L, Bose M, Graziani F, Tonetti M, Berglundh T. The structure of periodontal tissues formed following guided tissue regeneration therapy of intra-bony defects in the monkey. J Clin Periodontol. 2006;33(8):596–603.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. •• Wikesjö UM, Polimeni G, Xiropaidis AV, Stavropoulos A. Periodontal wound healing/regeneration. In: Sculean A, editor. Periodontal regenerative therapy. 1st ed. London: Quintessence Publishing; 2010. p. 25–45 .This book chapter provides an extended overview of periodontal wound healing/regeneration

    Google Scholar 

  3. Armitage GC. Periodontal diseases: diagnosis. Ann Periodontol. 1996;1(1):37–215.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Tonetti MS, Claffey N, European Workshop in Periodontology group C. Advances in the progression of periodontitis and proposal of definitions of a periodontitis case and disease progression for use in risk factor research. Group C consensus report of the 5th European Workshop in Periodontology. J Clin Periodontol. 2005;32(Suppl 6):210–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Papapanou PN, Wennström JL. The angular bony defect as indicator of further alveolar bone loss. J Clin Periodontol. 1991;18(5):317–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. McGuire MK, Nunn ME. Prognosis versus actual outcome. III. The effectiveness of clinical parameters in accurately predicting tooth survival. J Periodontol. 1996;67(7):666–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Dannewitz B, Krieger JK, Hüsing J, Eickholz P. Loss of molars in periodontally treated patients: a retrospective analysis five years or more after active periodontal treatment. J Clin Periodontol. 2006;33(1):53–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. •• Matuliene G, Pjetursson BE, Salvi GE, Schmidlin K, Brägger U, Zwahlen M, et al. Influence of residual pockets on progression of periodontitis and tooth loss: results after 11 years of maintenance. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(8):685–95. This manuscript clearly shows the negative influence of deep pockets and furcation involvement on tooth survival

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Pretzl B, Kaltschmitt J, Kim T-S, Reitmeir P, Eickholz P. Tooth loss after active periodontal therapy. 2: tooth-related factors. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(2):175–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Haffajee AD, Socransky SS, Goodson JM. Clinical parameters as predictors of destructive periodontal disease activity. J Clin Periodontol. 1983;10(3):257–65.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Halazonetis TD, Haffajee AD, Socransky SS. Relationship of clinical parameters to attachment loss in subsets of subjects with destructive periodontal diseases. J Clin Periodontol. 1989;16(9):563–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. •• Axelsson P, Nystrom B, Lindhe J. The long-term effect of a plaque control program on tooth mortality, caries and periodontal disease in adults. Results after 30 years of maintenance. J Clin Periodontol. 2004;31(9):749–57. This manuscript shows the importance of supportive periodontal treatment for the long-term preservation of the successful outcomes of periodontal treatment

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Matuliene G, Studer R, Lang NP, Schmidlin K, Pjetursson BE, Salvi GE, et al. Significance of periodontal risk assessment in the recurrence of periodontitis and tooth loss. J Clin Periodontol. 2010;37(2):191–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Loos B, Nylund K, Claffey N, Egelberg J. Clinical effects of root debridement in molar and non-molar teeth. A 2-year follow-up. J Clin Periodontol. 1989;16(8):498–504.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Nordland P, Garrett S, Kiger R, Vanooteghem R, Hutchens LH, Egelberg J. The effect of plaque control and root debridement in molar teeth. J Clin Periodontol. 1987;14(4):231–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Caton JG, Zander HA. The attachment between tooth and gingival tissues after periodic root planing and soft tissue curettage. J Periodontol. 1979;50(9):462–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Bowers GM, Chadroff B, Carnevale R, Mellonig J, Corio R, Emerson J, et al. Histologic evaluation of new attachment apparatus formation in humans. Part I. J Periodontol. 1989;60(12):664–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Wilson TG, Carnio J, Schenk R, Myers G. Absence of histologic signs of chronic inflammation following closed subgingival scaling and root planing using the dental endoscope: human biopsies—a pilot study. J Periodontol. 2008;79(11):2036–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Trombelli L, Farina R. Clinical outcomes with bioactive agents alone or in combination with grafting or guided tissue regeneration. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(8 Suppl):117–35.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Needleman IG, Worthington HV, Giedrys-Leeper E, Tucker RJ. Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(2):CD001724.

  21. Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Papanikolaou N, Coulthard P, Worthington HV. Enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain(R)) for periodontal tissue regeneration in intrabony defects. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(4):CD003875.

  22. Murphy KG, Gunsolley JC. Guided tissue regeneration for the treatment of periodontal intrabony and furcation defects. A systematic review. Ann Periodontol. 2003;8(1):266–302.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Tonetti MS, Cortellini P, Suvan JE, Adriaens P, Baldi C, Dubravec D, et al. Generalizability of the added benefits of guided tissue regeneration in the treatment of deep intrabony defects. Evaluation in a multi-center randomized controlled clinical trial. J Periodontol. 1998;69(11):1183–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Tonetti MS, Lang NP, Cortellini P, Suvan JE, Adriaens P, Dubravec D, et al. Enamel matrix proteins in the regenerative therapy of deep intrabony defects. J Clin Periodontol. 2002;29(4):317–25.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Cortellini P, Tonetti MS. Clinical performance of a regenerative strategy for intrabony defects: scientific evidence and clinical experience. J Periodontol. 2005;76(3):341–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Trombelli L, Heitz-Mayfield LJA, Needleman I, Moles D, Scabbia A. A systematic review of graft materials and biological agents for periodontal intraosseous defects. J Clin Periodontol. 2002;29(Suppl 3):117–35. discussion 160–2

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Karring T, Nyman S, Lindhe J. Healing following implantation of periodontitis affected roots into bone tissue. J Clin Periodontol. 1980;7(2):96–105.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Sculean A, Nikolidakis D, Nikou G, Ivanovic A, Chapple ILC, Stavropoulos A. Biomaterials for promoting periodontal regeneration in human intrabony defects: a systematic review. Periodontol. 2015;68(1):182–216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Stavropoulos A, Windisch P, Gera I, Sculean A. Guided tissue regeneration: biological concept and clinical application in intrabony defects. In: Sculean A, editor. Periodontal regenerative therapy. 1st ed. London: Quintessence Publishing; 2010. p. 47–56.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Aichelmann-Reidy ME, Reynolds MA. Predictability of clinical outcomes following regenerative therapy in intrabony defects. J Periodontol. 2008;79(3):387–93.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Stavropoulos A. Guided tissue regeneration in combination with deproteinized bovine bone and gentamicin. PhD Thesis; Dept. of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aarhus University; 2002.

  32. Kim C-S, Choi S-H, Chai J-K, Cho K-S, Moon I-S, Wikesjö UME, et al. Periodontal repair in surgically created intrabony defects in dogs: influence of the number of bone walls on healing response. J Periodontol. 2004;75(2):229–35.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Eickholz P. Prognostic and risk factors for periodontal regenerative therapy. In: Sculean A, editor. Periodontal regenerative therapy. 1st ed. London: Quintessence Publishing; 2010. p. 231–9.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Eickholz P, Jepsen S. Guided tissue regeneration: application in furcation defects. In: Sculean A, editor. Periodontal regenerative therapy. 1st ed. London: Quintessence Publishing; 2010. p. 57–67.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Huynh-Ba G, Kuonen P, Hofer D, Schmid J, Lang NP, Salvi GE. The effect of periodontal therapy on the survival rate and incidence of complications of multirooted teeth with furcation involvement after an observation period of at least 5 years: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol. 2009;36(2):164–76.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Ling LJ, Lai YH, Hwang H, Chen H. Response of regenerative tissues to plaque: a histological study in monkeys. J Periodontol. 1994;65(8):781–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. •• Kostopoulos L, Karring T. Susceptibility of GTR-regenerated periodontal attachment to ligature-induced periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2004;31(5):336–40. This manuscript demonstrated that regenerated periodontal tissues are not more vulnerable to periodontal inflammation than the pristine periodontium

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Cortellini P, Paolo G, Prato P, Tonetti MS. Long-term stability of clinical attachment following guided tissue regeneration and conventional therapy. J Clin Periodontol. 1996;23(2):106–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Hammarström L, Sculean A, Lyngstadaas SP. The biological background of Emdogain. In: Sculean A, editor. Periodontal regenerative therapy. 1st ed. London: Quintessence Publishing; 2010. p. 69–87.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Hammarström L, Heijl L, Gestrelius S. Periodontal regeneration in a buccal dehiscence model in monkeys after application of enamel matrix proteins. J Clin Periodontol. 1997;24(9 Pt 2):669–77.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Gestrelius S, Andersson C, Johansson AC, Persson E, Brodin A, Rydhag L, et al. Formulation of enamel matrix derivative for surface coating. Kinetics and cell colonization. J Clin Periodontol. 1997;24(9 Pt 2):678–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Barrett EJ, Kenny DJ, Tenenbaum HC, Sigal MJ, Johnston DH. Replantation of permanent incisors in children using Emdogain. Dent Traumatol. 2005;21(5):269–75.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Gutierrez MA, Mellonig JT, Cochran DL. Evaluation of enamel matrix derivative as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol. 2003;30(8):739–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Mombelli A, Brochut P, Plagnat D, Casagni F, Giannopoulou C. Enamel matrix proteins and systemic antibiotics as adjuncts to non-surgical periodontal treatment: clinical effects. J Clin Periodontol. 2005;32(3):225–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Sculean A, Windisch P, Keglevich T, Gera I. Histologic evaluation of human intrabony defects following non-surgical periodontal therapy with and without application of an enamel matrix protein derivative. J Periodontol. 2003;74(2):153–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Sculean A, Windisch P, Keglevich T, Fabi B, Lundgren E, Lyngstadaas PS. Presence of an enamel matrix protein derivative on human teeth following periodontal surgery. Clin Oral Invest. 2002;6(3):183–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Miron RJ, Bosshardt DD, Laugisch O, Katsaros C, Buser D, Sculean A. Enamel matrix protein adsorption to root surfaces in the presence or absence of human blood. J Periodontol. 2012;83:885–92.

  48. Sculean A, Alessandri R, Myron R, Salvi GE, Bosshardt D. Enamel matrix proteins and periodontal wound healing and regeneration. Clinical Advances in Periodontics. 2011;1(2):1–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Jepsen S, Heinz B, Jepsen K, Arjomand M, Hoffmann T, Richter S, et al. A randomized clinical trial comparing enamel matrix derivative and membrane treatment of buccal class II furcation involvement in mandibular molars. Part I: study design and results for primary outcomes. J Periodontol. 2004;75(8):1150–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Casarin RCV, Del Peloso Ribeiro E, Nociti FH, Sallum AW, Sallum EA, Ambrosano GMB, et al. A double-blind randomized clinical evaluation of enamel matrix derivative proteins for the treatment of proximal class-II furcation involvements. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(5):429–37.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Sanz M, Tonetti MS, Zabalegui I, Sicilia A, Blanco J, Rebelo H, et al. Treatment of intrabony defects with enamel matrix proteins or barrier membranes: results from a multicenter practice-based clinical trial. J Periodontol. 2004;75(5):726–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Siciliano VI, Andreuccetti G, Siciliano AI, Blasi A, Sculean A, Salvi GE. Clinical outcomes after treatment of non-contained intrabony defects with enamel matrix derivative or guided tissue regeneration: a 12-month randomized controlled clinical trial. J Periodontol. 2011;82(1):62–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Sculean A, Kiss A, Miliauskaite A, Schwarz F, Arweiler NB, Hannig M. Ten-year results following treatment of intra-bony defects with enamel matrix proteins and guided tissue regeneration. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(9):817–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. • Miron RJ, Sculean A, Cochran DL, Froum S, Zucchelli G, Nemcovsky C, et al. 20 years of enamel matrix derivative: the past, the present and the future. J Clin Periodontol. 2016;43(8):668–83. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of enamel matrix proteins in regenerative periodontal treatment

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Miron RJ, Shuang Y, Sculean A, Buser D, Chandad F, Zhang Y. Gene array of PDL cells exposed to Osteogain in combination with a bone grafting material. Clin Oral Invest. 2016;20(8):2037–43.

  56. Miron RJ, Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Zhang Y, Caballé-Serrano J, Shirakata Y, Bosshardt DD, et al. Osteogain improves osteoblast adhesion, proliferation and differentiation on a bovine-derived natural bone mineral. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016; doi:10.1111/clr.12802.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Zhang Y, Jing D, Buser D, Sculean A, Chandad F, Miron RJ. Bone grafting material in combination with Osteogain for bone repair: a rat histomorphometric study. Clin Oral Invest. 2016;20(3):589–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Sculean A, Nikolidakis D, Schwarz F. Regeneration of periodontal tissues: combinations of barrier membranes and grafting materials - biological foundation and preclinical evidence: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(8 Suppl):106–16.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Kao RT, Nares S, Reynolds MA. Periodontal regeneration—intrabony defects: a systematic review from the AAP regeneration workshop. J Periodontol. 2015;86(2 Suppl):S77–104.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Stavropoulos A, Karring T. Guided tissue regeneration combined with a deproteinized bovine bone mineral (bio-Oss) in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects: 6-year results from a randomized-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2010;37(2):200–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Matarasso M, Iorio Siciliano V, Blasi A, Ramaglia L, Salvi GE, Sculean A. Enamel matrix derivative and bone grafts for periodontal regeneration of intrabony defects. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Invest. 2015;19(7):1581–93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Iorio Siciliano V, Andreuccetti G, Blasi A, Matarasso M, Sculean A, Salvi GE. Clinical outcomes following regenerative therapy of non-contained intrabony defects using a deproteinized bovine bone mineral combined with either enamel matrix derivative or collagen membrane. J Periodontol. 2014;85(10):1342–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Cortellini P, Tonetti MS. Clinical and radiographic outcomes of the modified minimally invasive surgical technique with and without regenerative materials: a randomized-controlled trial in intra-bony defects. J Clin Periodontol. 2011;38(4):365–73.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. • Stavropoulos A, Wikesjö UME. Growth and differentiation factors for periodontal regeneration: a review on factors with clinical testing. J Periodontal Res. 2012;47(5):545–53. This manuscript provides an extended review on the use of growth and differentiation factors in regenerative periodontal treatment

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Nevins M, Giannobile WV, McGuire MK, Kao RT, Mellonig JT, Hinrichs JE, et al. Platelet-derived growth factor stimulates bone fill and rate of attachment level gain: results of a large multicenter randomized controlled trial. J Periodontol. 2005;76(12):2205–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Nevins M, Kao RT, McGuire MK, McClain PK, Hinrichs JE, McAllister BS, et al. Platelet-derived growth factor promotes periodontal regeneration in localized osseous defects: 36-month extension results from a randomized, controlled, double-masked clinical trial. J Periodontol. 2013;84(4):456–64.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Ridgway HK, Mellonig JT, Cochran DL. Human histologic and clinical evaluation of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor and beta-tricalcium phosphate for the treatment of periodontal intraosseous defects. J Periodontol. 2008;28(2):171–9.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Kitamura M, Nakashima K, Kowashi Y, Fujii T, Shimauchi H, Sasano T, et al. Periodontal tissue regeneration using fibroblast growth factor-2: randomized controlled phase II clinical trial. PLoS One. 2008;3(7):e2611.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  69. Kitamura M, Akamatsu M, Machigashira M, Hara Y, Sakagami R, Hirofuji T, et al. FGF-2 stimulates periodontal regeneration: results of a multi-center randomized clinical trial. J Dent Res. 2011;90(1):35–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Cochran DL, Oh TJ, Mills MP, Clem DS, McClain PK, Schallhorn RA, et al. A randomized clinical trial evaluating rh-FGF-2/β-TCP in periodontal defects. J Dent Res. 2016;95(5):523–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Stavropoulos A, Windisch P, Gera I, Capsius B, Sculean A, Wikesjö UME. A phase IIa randomized controlled clinical and histological pilot study evaluating rhGDF-5/β-TCP for periodontal regeneration. J Clin Periodontol. 2011;38(11):1044–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Del Corso M, Vervelle A, Simonpieri A, Jimbo R, Inchingolo F, Sammartino G, et al. Current knowledge and perspectives for the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in oral and maxillofacial surgery part 1: periodontal and dentoalveolar surgery. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2012;13(7):1207–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Simonpieri A, Del Corso M, Vervelle A, Jimbo R, Inchingolo F, Sammartino G, et al. Current knowledge and perspectives for the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in oral and maxillofacial surgery part 2: bone graft, implant and reconstructive surgery. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2012;13(7):1231–56.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Marx RE. Platelet-rich plasma: evidence to support its use. YJOMS. 2004;62(4):489–96.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Döri F, Kovács V, Arweiler NB, Húszár T, Gera I, Nikolidakis D, et al. Effect of platelet-rich plasma on the healing of intrabony defects treated with an anorganic bovine bone mineral: a pilot study. J Periodontol. 2009;80(10):1599–605.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Okuda K, Tai H, Tanabe K, Suzuki H, Sato T, Kawase T, et al. Platelet-rich plasma combined with a porous hydroxyapatite graft for the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects in humans: a comparative controlled clinical study3. J Periodontol. 2005;76(6):890–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Kotsovilis S, Markou N, Pepelassi E, Nikolidakis D. The adjunctive use of platelet-rich plasma in the therapy of periodontal intraosseous defects: a systematic review. J Periodontal Res. 2010;45(3):428–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Döri F, Húszár T, Nikolidakis D, Arweiler NB, Gera I, Sculean A. Effect of platelet-rich plasma on the healing of intra-bony defects treated with a natural bone mineral and a collagen membrane. J Clin Periodontol. 2007;34(3):254–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Döri F, Húszár T, Nikolidakis D, Arweiler NB, Gera I, Sculean A. Effect of platelet-rich plasma on the healing of intrabony defects treated with an anorganic bovine bone mineral and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membranes. J Periodontol. 2007;78(6):983–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Yassibag-Berkman Z, Tuncer O, Subasioglu T, Kantarci A. Combined use of platelet-rich plasma and bone grafting with or without guided tissue regeneration in the treatment of anterior interproximal defects. J Periodontol. 2007;78(5):801–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Döri F, Nikolidakis D, Húszár T, Arweiler NB, Gera I, Sculean A. Effect of platelet-rich plasma on the healing of intrabony defects treated with an enamel matrix protein derivative and a natural bone mineral. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(1):44–50.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Dohan Ehrenfest DM, Andia I, Zumstein MA, Zhang C-Q, Pinto NR, Bielecki T. Classification of platelet concentrates (platelet-rich plasma-PRP, platelet-rich fibrin-PRF) for topical and infiltrative use in orthopedic and sports medicine: current consensus, clinical implications and perspectives. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 2014;4(1):3–9.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  83. Cortellini P, Tonetti MS, Lang NP, Suvan JE, Zucchelli G, Vangsted T, et al. The simplified papilla preservation flap in the regenerative treatment of deep intrabony defects: clinical outcomes and postoperative morbidity. J Periodontol. 2001;72(12):1702–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Cortellini P, Tonetti MS. Evaluation of the effect of tooth vitality on regenerative outcomes in infrabony defects. J Clin Periodontol. 2001;28(7):672–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Stavropoulos A, Kostopoulos L, Nyengaard JR, Karring T. Fate of bone formed by guided tissue regeneration with or without grafting of bio-Oss or Biogran. An experimental study in the rat. J Clin Periodontol. 2004;31(1):30–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Stavropoulos A, Mardas N, Herrero F, Karring T. Smoking affects the outcome of guided tissue regeneration with bioresorbable membranes: a retrospective analysis of intrabony defects. J Clin Periodontol. 2004;31(11):945–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Tonetti MS, Pini Prato G, Cortellini P. Periodontal regeneration of human intrabony defects. IV. Determinants of healing response. J Periodontol. 1993;64(10):934–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Cortellini P, Tonetti MS. Minimally invasive surgical technique and enamel matrix derivative in intra-bony defects. I: clinical outcomes and morbidity. J Clin Periodontol. 2007;34(12):1082–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden

    Andreas Stavropoulos

  2. Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Anton Sculean

Authors
  1. Andreas Stavropoulos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anton Sculean
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anton Sculean.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

Andreas Stavropoulos received nonfinancial support from Institute Straumann AG, Geistlick Pharma AG, and Scil Technology GmbH outside of the submitted work. Anton Sculean reports financial support in the form of a research grant from Institute Straumann AG outside of the submitted work.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Orodental Regenerative Medicine

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Stavropoulos, A., Sculean, A. Current Status of Regenerative Periodontal Treatment. Curr Oral Health Rep 4, 34–43 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40496-017-0122-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40496-017-0122-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation