Abstract
Deepened flow cytometry (FCM) analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells can disclose clonal B and abnormal T lymphocytes in case of lung involvement in non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The possible role of routine FCM BALF analysis in diagnosing NHL involving the lungs is largely undetermined. To evaluate whether differences exist, within FCM screening of lymphocyte subsets, between BALFs from lung NHL and BALFs from reactive diseases. We compared alveolar leukocyte and lymphocyte data obtained using flow cytometry in 17 lung NHL cases with the median corresponding data detected in 208 controls, matched with cases for computed tomography findings. Absolute leukocyte counts did not differ significantly between cases and controls. As calculated within leukocytes, percentages of total, B, T, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, respectively, were significantly higher in B cell NHL cases than in their controls (P = .003, .023, .009, .004, and .020, respectively). Similarly, percentages of total, and CD8+ T lymphocytes, respectively, were significantly higher in T cell NHL cases than in their controls (P = .046 and .027, respectively). Huger BALF lymphocytosis occurs in pulmonary NHLs than in other lung diseases. Possible lymphocyte cutoffs, that could indicate lung NHL and the subsequent need of a second-step BALF staining shortly following the initial screening, should be prospectively attempted.
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Acknowledgments
Authors have no financial interests to disclose. The authors wish to thank Ursula Ferri, Claudia Barba, and Carla Mandrisi, for their relevant technical contribution in immunophenotyping, and doctor Mariangela Mura for retrieving histological data.
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All procedures were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and/or with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
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The institutional committee on human experimentation of the ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda approved the development of this retrospective study without the request of informed consent.
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Cesana, C., Scarpati, B., Brando, B. et al. Flow cytometry analysis of lymphocyte subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage: comparison between lung non-Hodgkin lymphomas and reactive diseases. Comp Clin Pathol 26, 447–454 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-016-2397-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-016-2397-8