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Conversion of 1-butanol into High Value-Added Chemicals by Mixed Metal Oxides: The Influence of Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ into Condensed Phase Products Distribution

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Abstract

The catalytic transformation of 1-butanol into condensed products by mixed metal oxides, based on Mg2+ and Al3+, containing Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+, into ethers, aldehydes, alkenes, ketones, alkylbenzenes, and phenolic compounds is described. The reactions were conducted at 550 and 600 °C, with and without methanol co-feeding. The presence of Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ in the catalyst structure, together with the reaction temperature and methanol co-feeding, allowed the modulation of the yield and selectivity of each class of product. Also, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that phenolic compounds were produced from 1-butanol, and due to the nature of the condensed products found, the Robinson annulation was proposed as the reaction mechanism. The methodology herein described uses a renewable carbon source, is greener than the current ones for synthesizing the classes of compounds mentioned earlier, and can be an alternative for raw materials currently obtained exclusively from petroleum.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) for the financial support (grants No. 2013/23886-4 (BIOEN), 2017/13230-5 and 2020/02471-4) and the fellowship to J.A.M.V (grant No. 2017/09520-8), the Universidad Santiago de Cali for J.O.O doctoral fellowship and for the fellowship to J.A.M.V (Convocatoria Interna DGI No. 06-2023: Joven Investigador Santiaguino) and the financial support (Proyecto No. 939-621121-2827) and the National Council for the Improvement of Higher Education (CAPES) for the post-doctoral fellowship (grant No.1760327) to G.M.

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  1. Jorge Andrés Mora Vargas and Rafael Mafra de Paula Dias have been contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP-IBILCE), Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil

    Jorge Andrés Mora Vargas, Livia Padilha de Lima, Julieth Orduña Ortega, Mauricio Boscolo & Gustavo Metzker

  2. Universidad Santiago de Cali (USC), Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Campus Pampalinda, Santiago de Cali, Colombia

    Jorge Andrés Mora Vargas & Julieth Orduña Ortega

  3. Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Bioprocesses Engineering, Federal University of Sao Joao Del Rei, Ouro Branco, MG, Brazil

    Rafael Mafra de Paula Dias

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  1. Jorge Andrés Mora Vargas
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Contributions

JMV, RMPD, LPL, JOO: Investigation, methodology and data curation. MB: Funding acquisition, project administration, conceptualization and original draft. GM: Conceptualization, supervision, original draft, writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Gustavo Metzker.

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Vargas, J.A.M., de Paula Dias, R.M., de Lima, L.P. et al. Conversion of 1-butanol into High Value-Added Chemicals by Mixed Metal Oxides: The Influence of Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ into Condensed Phase Products Distribution. Catal Lett 154, 2305–2313 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-023-04476-y

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