Abstract
Surface-layer aerosol diffusion experiments have been conducted using artificial smoke plume releases at ground level over flat and homogeneously vegetated terrain at the Meppen proving grounds in the Federal Republic of Germany (1989). At fixed downwind locations in the range out to 800 m from the source, instantaneous crosswind plume profiles were detected repetitively at high spatial (1.5 m) and temporal (3 sec) intervals by use of a mini LIDAR system. The experiments were accompanied by measurement of the surface-layer mean wind and turbulence quantities by sonic anemometers. On the basis of measured crosswind concentration profiles, the following statistics were obtained: 1) Mean profile, 2) Root mean square profile, 3) Fluctuation intensities, and 4) Intermittency factors. Furthermore, some experimentally determined probability density functions (pdf's) of the fluctuations are presented. All the measured statistics are referred to a fixed and a ‘moving’ frame of reference, the latter being defined as a frame of reference from which the (low frequency) plume meander is removed. Finally, the measured statistics are compared with statistics on concentration fluctuations obtained with a simple puff diffusion model (RIMPUFF) developed at Risø.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Evan, B.T.N., (1988):Sensitivity of the Back scatter/Extinction ratio to changes in Aerosol properties: implication for LIDAR. In: Applied Optics, vol 27 pp. 3299 (Aug. 1988).
Gifford, F.A. (1959):Statistical Properties of a Fluctuation Plume Dispersion model Adv. Geophys., 6 pp 117–138.
Hanna, S.R. (1984):The Exponential Probability Density Function and Concentration Fluctuations in Smoke Plumes. In: Boundary Layer Meteorology vol 29, pp. 361–375, 1984.
Measures, R., Measures, M., (1984):Laser Remote Sensing — Fundamentals and Applications. John Wiley & sons, New York, 1983.
Mikkelsen, T., S.E. Larsen, and S. Thykier-Nielsen (1984):Description of the Risø Puff Diffusion Model. In Nuclear Technology, Vol 67, oct. 1984 pp. 56–65.
Mikkelsen, T., H. E. Jørgensen, W. aufm Kampe, H. Weber and S. Borrmann (1990):The Effect of Finite Sampling Volumes on Measured Concentration Probability Density Functions. In: Ninth Symposium on Turbulence and Diffusion (Published by the American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, USA).
Sawford, B.L., and H. Stapountzis (1986):Concentration Fluctuations According to Fluctuating Plume in One or Two Dimensions. Boundary Layer Meteorology, vol 37 (1986), pp. 89–106.
Sawford, B.L., (1987):Conditional Concentration Statistics in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer. Boundary Layer Meteorology, vol 38 (1987), pp. 209–223.
Thykier-Nielsen, S., T. Mikkelsen, R. Kamada, S.A. Drake (1990):Wind Flow Model Evaluation Study for Complex Terrain. In: Ninth Symposium on Turbulence and Diffusion (Published by the American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, USA).
Weber, H., W. aufm Kampe and T. Mikkelsen (1988):Concentration Fluctuations Measured in the Atmospheric Surface Layer. In: Eighth Symposium on Turbulence and Diffusion. (Published by the American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, USA).
Wilson, D.J., Fackrell, J.E., and Robins, A.G., (1985):Intermittency and Conditionally Averaged Concentration Fluctuation Statistics in Plumes. Atmos. Eviron., vol 19, pp. 1053–1064 (1985).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jørgensen, H.E., Mikkelsen, T. Lidar measurements of plume statistics. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 62, 361–378 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00705565
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00705565