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Potentially Probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum Fruit-Derived Strains Alleviate Cardiometabolic Disorders and Gut Microbiota Impairment in Male Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

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Abstract

High-fat diet (HFD) consumption is a risk factor for dyslipidemias, insulin resistance, and arterial hypertension linked with gut dysbiosis. Probiotic administration has been suggested as a safe therapeutic strategy for gut microbiota modulation and treatment and/or prevention of cardiometabolic disorders. Here, we assessed the effects of a potentially probiotic formulation containing strains of the Limosilactobacillus (L.) fermentum 139, 263, and 296 on the cardiometabolic disorders and gut microbiota derangements provoked by the HFD consumption. Male Wistar rats were allocated into control diet (CTL, n = 6), HFD (n = 6), and HFD receiving L. fermentum formulation (HFD-LF, n = 6) groups for 4 weeks. L. fermentum formulation (109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml of each strain) was daily administered by oral gavage. After 4-week follow-up, biochemical measurements, blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), sympathetic tone, and gut microbiota composition were evaluated. HFD consumption for 4 weeks increased lipid profile, insulin resistance, sympathetic tone, and blood pressure and impaired gut microbiota composition in male rats. Administration of L. fermentum formulation improved the gut microbiota composition, lipid profile, insulin resistance, autonomic dysfunction, and BP in rats fed with a HFD. Administration of a potentially fruit-derived probiotic formulation of L. fermentum strains improved gut microbiota composition and alleviated hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and sympathetic hyperactivity and increased BP in rats fed a HFD. Our findings may encourage the development of randomized controlled trials to assess the effects of L. fermentum treatment in subjects with cardiometabolic disorders.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, Brazil—Finance code 001) for the scholarships (MSc) awarded to Georgianna de Araújo Henriques Ferreira. Additionally, the authors thank for the research productivity fellowship from the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological (CNPq) awarded to de Brito Alves JL.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Campus I – Jd. Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 58051-900, Brazil

    Georgianna de Araújo Henriques Ferreira, Larissa Ramalho Brandão, Evandro Leite de Souza & José Luiz de Brito Alves

  2. Department of Food Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil

    Marciane Magnani

  3. Institute of Biosciences, Department of General and Applied Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil

    Lucélia Cabral

  4. Research Resource Center, Research Informatics Core, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Melline Fontes Noronha

  5. Department of Biotechnology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

    Josiane de Campos Cruz

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de Araújo Henriques Ferreira, G., Magnani, M., Cabral, L. et al. Potentially Probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum Fruit-Derived Strains Alleviate Cardiometabolic Disorders and Gut Microbiota Impairment in Male Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 14, 349–359 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-021-09889-y

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