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Green Extraction of Fennel and Anise Edible Oils Using Bio-Based Solvent and Supercritical Fluid: Assessment of Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Property, and Oxidative Stability

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the replacement aspects of conventional methods (petroleum-based solvent and Folch assay) by alternative methods (bio-based and biodegradable solvent 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (MeTHF) and supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2)) for seed oil extraction from anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Results showed that the highest oil yield of aniseeds was obtained by using Folch (24.07%) and MeTHF (23.65%) extraction methods whereas fennel seeds had 20.02% and 18.72%, respectively. Fatty acid composition of both seed oils obtained by the two green extraction methods was similar to the conventional ones with the predominance of petroselinic acid (54.22–61.25% in fennel and 42.39–48.97% in anise). Besides, SC-CO2 method allowed to obtain the maximum of sterol content in anise (3.85 mg/g of oil) and fennel (4.64 mg/g of oil) seed oils. Furthermore, anise and fennel seed oils extracted with MeTHF method significantly showed higher total phenolic content (2.43 and 1.32 mg GA/g oil, respectively), stronger antioxidant activity (9.23 and 5.04 μmol TEAC/g oil, respectively), and oxidative stability (8.23 and 10.15 h, respectively) than the other methods (p < 0.05). In conclusion, MeTHF appeared to be a good substitute to petroleum solvents for recovery of high oil quality from Pimpinella anisum and Foeniculum vulgare seeds.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (LR15CBBC06).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia

    Iness Bettaieb Rebey, Soumaya Bourgou, Wissem Aidi Wannes, Riadh Ksouri & Ibtissem Hamrouni Sellami

  2. General and Organic Chemistry-Volatolomics, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés, 2-, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium

    Iness Bettaieb Rebey, Pauline Detry, Tierry Kenny & Marie-Laure Fauconnier

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  1. Iness Bettaieb Rebey
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  2. Soumaya Bourgou
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Correspondence to Iness Bettaieb Rebey.

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Bettaieb Rebey, I., Bourgou, S., Detry, P. et al. Green Extraction of Fennel and Anise Edible Oils Using Bio-Based Solvent and Supercritical Fluid: Assessment of Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Property, and Oxidative Stability. Food Bioprocess Technol 12, 1798–1807 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-019-02341-8

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