Computing Vertex-Disjoint Paths in Large Graphs Using MAOs

Authors Johanna E. Preißer, Jens M. Schmidt



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Johanna E. Preißer
  • Institute of Mathematics, TU Ilmenau, Germany
Jens M. Schmidt
  • Institute of Mathematics, TU Ilmenau, Germany

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Johanna E. Preißer and Jens M. Schmidt. Computing Vertex-Disjoint Paths in Large Graphs Using MAOs. In 29th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 123, pp. 13:1-13:12, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ISAAC.2018.13

Abstract

We consider the problem of computing k in N internally vertex-disjoint paths between special vertex pairs of simple connected graphs. For general vertex pairs, the best deterministic time bound is, since 42 years, O(min{k,sqrt{n}}m) for each pair by using traditional flow-based methods. The restriction of our vertex pairs comes from the machinery of maximal adjacency orderings (MAOs). Henzinger showed for every MAO and every 1 <= k <= delta (where delta is the minimum degree of the graph) the existence of k internally vertex-disjoint paths between every pair of the last delta-k+2 vertices of this MAO. Later, Nagamochi generalized this result by using the machinery of mixed connectivity. Both results are however inherently non-constructive. We present the first algorithm that computes these k internally vertex-disjoint paths in linear time O(m), which improves the previously best time O(min{k,sqrt{n}}m). Due to the linear running time, this algorithm is suitable for large graphs. The algorithm is simple, works directly on the MAO structure, and completes a long history of purely existential proofs with a constructive method. We extend our algorithm to compute several other path systems and discuss its impact for certifying algorithms.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Mathematics of computing → Graph theory
  • Mathematics of computing → Graph algorithms
Keywords
  • Computing Disjoint Paths
  • Large Graphs
  • Vertex-Connectivity
  • Linear-Time
  • Maximal Adjacency Ordering
  • Maximum Cardinality Search
  • Big Data
  • Certifying Algorithm

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