Lung cancer mortality in the French cohort of titanium dioxide workers: some aetiological insights.

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Serval ID
serval:BIB_F8FEA9534FC6
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Lung cancer mortality in the French cohort of titanium dioxide workers: some aetiological insights.
Journal
Occupational and environmental medicine
Author(s)
Guseva Canu I., Gaillen-Guedy A., Wild P., Straif K., Luce D.
ISSN
1470-7926 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
1351-0711
Publication state
Published
Issued date
11/2020
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
77
Number
11
Pages
795-797
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO <sub>2</sub> ) is widely used in construction, food, cosmetic and medical industry. The current evidence on TiO <sub>2</sub> carcinogenicity in humans is considered inadequate. As French participants of the European cohort of TiO <sub>2</sub> workers exhibited an increase in mortality from lung cancer, we aimed at investigating whether TiO <sub>2</sub> exposure, co-exposures or smoking can explain this increase.
We reanalysed the data of 833 French male workers (follow-up period 1968-1997) and used multiple imputation to complete their smoking status. We considered respirable TiO <sub>2</sub> dust as primary exposure of interest, estimated as continuous cumulative (mg/m <sup>3</sup> -year) and annual average (mg/m <sup>3</sup> ) concentrations and binary and 4-class categorical variables, with cut-off values of 0.3 and 2.4 mg/m <sup>3</sup> (the German and American occupational exposure limits, respectively). For each exposure metric, we estimated HRs and associated 95% CIs, using Cox regression models adjusted for calendar period, exposure duration and smoking.
The fully adjusted model yielded a HR=3.7 (95% CI=0.79 to 17.95) for TiO <sub>2</sub> -exposed workers vs unexposed and a HR=27.33 (95% CI=4.35 to 171.84) for those exposed to >2.4 mg/m <sup>3</sup> as annual average concentration. Employment duration was negatively related with lung cancer mortality, therefore cumulative exposure had a small effect on mortality (HR=1.03 (95% CI=0.99 to 1.08) per mg/m <sup>3</sup> -year).
This study suggests a positive relationship between TiO <sub>2</sub> exposure and lung cancer mortality in TiO <sub>2</sub> workers, whatever the exposure variable used, despite a limited statistical power in some models. The results question the current evidence on TiO <sub>2</sub> carcinogenicity in humans but need to be confirmed in other cohorts, using different statistical approaches.
Keywords
Dust, France/epidemiology, Humans, Lung Neoplasms/chemically induced, Lung Neoplasms/mortality, Male, Occupational Exposure/adverse effects, Occupational Exposure/statistics & numerical data, Risk Factors, Smoking/adverse effects, Smoking/epidemiology, Titanium/adverse effects, cancer, dusts, epidemiology, mortality studies, smoking
Pubmed
Web of science
Create date
13/08/2020 7:46
Last modification date
14/04/2021 6:13
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