Metabolic gene expression changes in astrocytes in Multiple Sclerosis cerebral cortex are indicative of immune-mediated signaling.

Details

Ressource 1Download: BIB_EC9470C84D1B.P001.pdf (3343.47 [Ko])
State: Public
Version: Final published version
Serval ID
serval:BIB_EC9470C84D1B
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Metabolic gene expression changes in astrocytes in Multiple Sclerosis cerebral cortex are indicative of immune-mediated signaling.
Journal
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
Author(s)
Zeis T., Allaman I., Gentner M., Schroder K., Tschopp J., Magistretti P.J., Schaeren-Wiemers N.
ISSN
1090-2139 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
0889-1591
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2015
Volume
48
Pages
313-325
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
Emerging as an important correlate of neurological dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), extended focal and diffuse gray matter abnormalities have been found and linked to clinical manifestations such as seizures, fatigue and cognitive dysfunction. To investigate possible underlying mechanisms we analyzed the molecular alterations in histopathological normal appearing cortical gray matter (NAGM) in MS. By performing a differential gene expression analysis of NAGM of control and MS cases we identified reduced transcription of astrocyte specific genes involved in the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle (ANLS) and the glutamate-glutamine cycle (GGC). Additional quantitative immunohistochemical analysis demonstrating a CX43 loss in MS NAGM confirmed a crucial involvement of astrocytes and emphasizes their importance in MS pathogenesis. Concurrently, a Toll-like/IL-1β signaling expression signature was detected in MS NAGM, indicating that immune-related signaling might be responsible for the downregulation of ANLS and GGC gene expression in MS NAGM. Indeed, challenging astrocytes with immune stimuli such as IL-1β and LPS reduced their ANLS and GGC gene expression in vitro. The detected upregulation of IL1B in MS NAGM suggests inflammasome priming. For this reason, astrocyte cultures were treated with ATP and ATP/LPS as for inflammasome activation. This treatment led to a reduction of ANLS and GGC gene expression in a comparable manner. To investigate potential sources for ANLS and GGC downregulation in MS NAGM, we first performed an adjuvant-driven stimulation of the peripheral immune system in C57Bl/6 mice in vivo. This led to similar gene expression changes in spinal cord demonstrating that peripheral immune signals might be one source for astrocytic gene expression changes in the brain. IL1B upregulation in MS NAGM itself points to a possible endogenous signaling process leading to ANLS and GGC downregulation. This is supported by our findings that, among others, MS NAGM astrocytes express inflammasome components and that astrocytes are capable to release Il-1β in-vitro. Altogether, our data suggests that immune signaling of immune- and/or central nervous system origin drives alterations in astrocytic ANLS and GGC gene regulation in the MS NAGM. Such a mechanism might underlie cortical brain dysfunctions frequently encountered in MS patients.
Keywords
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Animals, Astrocytes/immunology, Astrocytes/metabolism, Cerebral Cortex/immunology, Cerebral Cortex/metabolism, Female, Gene Expression, Humans, Male, Mice, Middle Aged, Multiple Sclerosis/genetics, Multiple Sclerosis/immunology, Neurons/immunology, Neurons/metabolism, Signal Transduction/genetics, Signal Transduction/immunology, Young Adult
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
20/08/2015 12:02
Last modification date
16/02/2021 6:27
Usage data