Increase in oxidative stress levels following welding fume inhalation: a controlled human exposure study

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State: Public
Version: Final published version
Serval ID
serval:BIB_E4AD1C749C13
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Increase in oxidative stress levels following welding fume inhalation: a controlled human exposure study
Journal
Particle and Fibre Toxicology
Author(s)
Graczyk Halshka, Lewinski Nastassja, Zhao Jiayuan, Sauvain Jean-Jacques, Suarez Guillaume, Wild Pascal, Danuser Brigitta, Riediker Michael
ISSN
1743-8977 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
1743-8977
Publication state
Published
Issued date
10/03/2016
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
13
Number
1
Pages
31
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: epublish
Abstract
Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding represents one of the most widely used metal joining processes in industry. It has been shown to generate a large majority of particles at the nanoscale and to have low mass emission rates when compared to other types of welding. Despite evidence that TIG fume particles may produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), limited data is available for the time course changes of particle-associated oxidative stress in exposed TIG welders.
Twenty non-smoking male welding apprentices were exposed to TIG welding fumes for 60 min under controlled, well-ventilated settings. Exhaled breathe condensate (EBC), blood and urine were collected before exposure, immediately after exposure, 1 h and 3 h post exposure. Volunteers participated in a control day to account for oxidative stress fluctuations due to circadian rhythm. Biological liquids were assessed for total reducing capacity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentrations at each time point. A linear mixed model was used to assess within day and between day differences.
Significant increases in the measured biomarkers were found at 3 h post exposure. At 3 h post exposure, we found a 24 % increase in plasma-H2O2 concentrations ([95%CI: 4 % to 46 %], p = 0.01); a 91 % increase in urinary-H2O2 ([2 % to 258 %], p = 0.04); a 14 % increase in plasma-8-OHdG ([0 % to 31 %], p = 0.049); and a 45 % increase in urinary-8-OHdG ([3 % to 105 %], p = 0.03). Doubling particle number concentration (PNC) exposure was associated with a 22 % increase of plasma-8-OHdG at 3 h post exposure (p = 0.01).
A 60-min exposure to TIG welding fume in a controlled, well-ventilated setting induced acute oxidative stress at 3 h post exposure in healthy, non-smoking apprentice welders not chronically exposed to welding fumes. As mass concentration of TIG welding fume particles is very low when compared to other types of welding, it is recommended that additional exposure metrics such as PNC are considered for occupational risk assessments. Our findings highlight the importance of increasing awareness of TIG welding fume toxicity, especially given the realities of welding workplaces that may lack ventilation; and beliefs among interviewed welders that TIG represents a cleaner and safer welding process.

Keywords
Adolescent, Adult, Air Pollutants, Occupational/toxicity, Biomarkers/analysis, Biomarkers/blood, Biomarkers/urine, Breath Tests, Deoxyguanosine/analogs & derivatives, Deoxyguanosine/analysis, Deoxyguanosine/blood, Deoxyguanosine/urine, Humans, Hydrogen Peroxide/analysis, Hydrogen Peroxide/blood, Hydrogen Peroxide/urine, Inhalation Exposure/adverse effects, Linear Models, Male, Malondialdehyde/analysis, Malondialdehyde/blood, Malondialdehyde/urine, Occupational Exposure/adverse effects, Oxidative Stress/drug effects, Smoke/adverse effects, Switzerland, Toxicity Tests, Welding/manpower, Young Adult
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
16/06/2016 12:54
Last modification date
20/08/2019 16:08
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