Condensation of the fusion focus by the intrinsically disordered region of the formin Fus1 is essential for cell-cell fusion.

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Version: Final published version
License: CC BY 4.0
Serval ID
serval:BIB_958E629AC4B0
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Condensation of the fusion focus by the intrinsically disordered region of the formin Fus1 is essential for cell-cell fusion.
Journal
Current biology
Author(s)
Billault-Chaumartin I., Muriel O., Michon L., Martin S.G.
ISSN
1879-0445 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
0960-9822
Publication state
Published
Issued date
07/11/2022
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
32
Number
21
Pages
4752-4761.e10
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
Secretory vesicle clusters transported on actin filaments by myosin V motors for local secretion underlie various cellular processes, such as neurotransmitter release at neuronal synapses, <sup>1</sup> hyphal steering in filamentous fungi, <sup>2</sup> <sup>,</sup> <sup>3</sup> and local cell wall digestion preceding the fusion of yeast gametes. <sup>4</sup> During fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe gamete fusion, the actin fusion focus assembled by the formin Fus1 concentrates secretory vesicles carrying cell wall digestive enzymes. <sup>5</sup> <sup>,</sup> <sup>6</sup> <sup>,</sup> <sup>7</sup> The position and coalescence of the vesicle focus are controlled by local signaling and actin-binding proteins to prevent inappropriate cell wall digestion that would cause lysis, <sup>6</sup> <sup>,</sup> <sup>8</sup> <sup>,</sup> <sup>9</sup> <sup>,</sup> <sup>10</sup> but the mechanisms of focusing have been elusive. Here, we show that the regulatory N terminus of Fus1 contains an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) that mediates Fus1 condensation in vivo and forms dense assemblies that exclude ribosomes. Fus1 lacking its IDR fails to concentrate in a tight focus and causes cell lysis during attempted cell fusion. Remarkably, the replacement of Fus1 IDR with a heterologous low-complexity region that forms molecular condensates fully restores Fus1 focusing and function. By contrast, the replacement of Fus1 IDR with a domain that forms more stable oligomers restores focusing but poorly supports cell fusion, suggesting that condensation is tuned to yield a selectively permeable structure. We propose that condensation of actin structures by an IDR may be a general mechanism for actin network organization and the selective local concentration of secretory vesicles.
Keywords
Formins, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/metabolism, Actins/metabolism, Cell Fusion, Schizosaccharomyces/metabolism, Actin Cytoskeleton/metabolism, FUS, IDR, actin cytoskeleton, cell-cell fusion, condensate, cryptochrome CRY2, formin, fused in sarcoma, intrinsically disordered region, myosin V Myo52, optogenetics, yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Pubmed
Open Access
Yes
Create date
18/10/2022 11:42
Last modification date
02/02/2023 7:52
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