Precision medicine in the era of artificial intelligence: implications in chronic disease management.

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Version: Final published version
License: CC BY 4.0
Serval ID
serval:BIB_957F17DE7BED
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Publication sub-type
Review (review): journal as complete as possible of one specific subject, written based on exhaustive analyses from published work.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Precision medicine in the era of artificial intelligence: implications in chronic disease management.
Journal
Journal of translational medicine
Author(s)
Subramanian M., Wojtusciszyn A., Favre L., Boughorbel S., Shan J., Letaief K.B., Pitteloud N., Chouchane L.
ISSN
1479-5876 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
1479-5876
Publication state
Published
Issued date
09/12/2020
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
18
Number
1
Pages
472
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Review
Publication Status: epublish
Abstract
Aberrant metabolism is the root cause of several serious health issues, creating a huge burden to health and leading to diminished life expectancy. A dysregulated metabolism induces the secretion of several molecules which in turn trigger the inflammatory pathway. Inflammation is the natural reaction of the immune system to a variety of stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, and harmful substances. Metabolically triggered inflammation, also called metaflammation or low-grade chronic inflammation, is the consequence of a synergic interaction between the host and the exposome-a combination of environmental drivers, including diet, lifestyle, pollutants and other factors throughout the life span of an individual. Various levels of chronic inflammation are associated with several lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes, obesity, metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), cancers, cardiovascular disorders (CVDs), autoimmune diseases, and chronic lung diseases. Chronic diseases are a growing concern worldwide, placing a heavy burden on individuals, families, governments, and health-care systems. New strategies are needed to empower communities worldwide to prevent and treat these diseases. Precision medicine provides a model for the next generation of lifestyle modification. This will capitalize on the dynamic interaction between an individual's biology, lifestyle, behavior, and environment. The aim of precision medicine is to design and improve diagnosis, therapeutics and prognostication through the use of large complex datasets that incorporate individual gene, function, and environmental variations. The implementation of high-performance computing (HPC) and artificial intelligence (AI) can predict risks with greater accuracy based on available multidimensional clinical and biological datasets. AI-powered precision medicine provides clinicians with an opportunity to specifically tailor early interventions to each individual. In this article, we discuss the strengths and limitations of existing and evolving recent, data-driven technologies, such as AI, in preventing, treating and reversing lifestyle-related diseases.
Keywords
Artificial intelligence, Big-data analytics, Chronic diseases, Chronic inflammation, Deep phenotyping, Exposome, Machine leaning, Personalized treatment, Precision medicine
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
22/12/2020 11:21
Last modification date
06/05/2023 5:49
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