Insights Into an Unexplored Component of the Mosquito Repeatome: Distribution and Variability of Viral Sequences Integrated Into the Genome of the Arboviral Vector Aedes albopictus.

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Serval ID
serval:BIB_6C74E041CB22
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Insights Into an Unexplored Component of the Mosquito Repeatome: Distribution and Variability of Viral Sequences Integrated Into the Genome of the Arboviral Vector Aedes albopictus.
Journal
Frontiers in genetics
Author(s)
Pischedda E., Scolari F., Valerio F., Carballar-Lejarazú R., Catapano P.L., Waterhouse R.M., Bonizzoni M.
ISSN
1664-8021 (Print)
ISSN-L
1664-8021
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2019
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
10
Pages
93
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article
Publication Status: epublish
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is an invasive mosquito and a competent vector for public-health relevant arboviruses such as Chikungunya (Alphavirus), Dengue and Zika (Flavivirus) viruses. Unexpectedly, the sequencing of the genome of this mosquito revealed an unusually high number of integrated sequences with similarities to non-retroviral RNA viruses of the Flavivirus and Rhabdovirus genera. These Non-retroviral Integrated RNA Virus Sequences (NIRVS) are enriched in piRNA clusters and coding sequences and have been proposed to constitute novel mosquito immune factors. However, given the abundance of NIRVS and their variable viral origin, their relative biological roles remain unexplored. Here we used an analytical approach that intersects computational, evolutionary and molecular methods to study the genomic landscape of mosquito NIRVS. We demonstrate that NIRVS are differentially distributed across mosquito genomes, with a core set of seemingly the oldest integrations with similarity to Rhabdoviruses. Additionally, we compare the polymorphisms of NIRVS with respect to that of fast and slow-evolving genes within the Ae. albopictus genome. Overall, NIRVS appear to be less polymorphic than slow-evolving genes, with differences depending on whether they occur in intergenic regions or in piRNA clusters. Finally, two NIRVS that map within the coding sequences of genes annotated as Rhabdovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the nucleocapsid-encoding gene, respectively, are highly polymorphic and are expressed, suggesting exaptation possibly to enhance the mosquito's antiviral responses. These results greatly advance our understanding of the complexity of the mosquito repeatome and the biology of viral integrations in mosquito genomes.
Keywords
mosquitoes, viral integrations, immunity, piRNA pathway, domestication, repeatome
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Funding(s)
Swiss National Science Foundation / Careers / PP00P3_170664
Create date
21/02/2019 19:36
Last modification date
21/11/2022 8:22
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