The Genomic Architecture of Adaptation to Larval Malnutrition Points to a Trade-off with Adult Starvation Resistance in Drosophila.

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License: CC BY 4.0
Serval ID
serval:BIB_5AF0E97250CB
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
The Genomic Architecture of Adaptation to Larval Malnutrition Points to a Trade-off with Adult Starvation Resistance in Drosophila.
Journal
Molecular biology and evolution
Author(s)
Kawecki T.J., Erkosar B., Dupuis C., Hollis B., Stillwell R.C., Kapun M.
ISSN
1537-1719 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
0737-4038
Publication state
Published
Issued date
25/06/2021
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Editor
Rogers Rebekah
Volume
38
Number
7
Pages
2732-2749
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
Periods of nutrient shortage impose strong selection on animal populations. Experimental studies of genetic adaptation to nutrient shortage largely focus on resistance to acute starvation at adult stage; it is not clear how conclusions drawn from these studies extrapolate to other forms of nutritional stress. We studied the genomic signature of adaptation to chronic juvenile malnutrition in six populations of Drosophila melanogaster evolved for 150 generations on an extremely nutrient-poor larval diet. Comparison with control populations evolved on standard food revealed repeatable genomic differentiation between the two set of population, involving >3,000 candidate SNPs forming >100 independently evolving clusters. The candidate genomic regions were enriched in genes implicated in hormone, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism, including some with known effects on fitness-related life-history traits. Rather than being close to fixation, a substantial fraction of candidate SNPs segregated at intermediate allele frequencies in all malnutrition-adapted populations. This, together with patterns of among-population variation in allele frequencies and estimates of Tajima's D, suggests that the poor diet results in balancing selection on some genomic regions. Our candidate genes for tolerance to larval malnutrition showed a high overlap with genes previously implicated in acute starvation resistance. However, adaptation to larval malnutrition in our study was associated with reduced tolerance to acute adult starvation. Thus, rather than reflecting synergy, the shared genomic architecture appears to mediate an evolutionary trade-off between tolerances to these two forms of nutritional stress.
Keywords
Adaptation, Biological/genetics, Animals, Biological Evolution, Drosophila/genetics, Female, Genome, Insect, Larva/physiology, Malnutrition, Drosophila melanogaster, balancing selection, directional selection, experimental evolution, genomics, larval malnutrition
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Funding(s)
Swiss National Science Foundation / Projects / 31003A_162732
University of Lausanne
Create date
16/03/2021 8:33
Last modification date
12/01/2022 7:10
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