A cluster of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among patients arriving in Europe from the Horn of Africa: a molecular epidemiological study

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Serval ID
serval:BIB_4A2575D740A5
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
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Publications
Institution
Title
A cluster of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among patients arriving in Europe from the Horn of Africa: a molecular epidemiological study
Journal
The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Author(s)
Walker Timothy M, Merker Matthias, Knoblauch Astrid M, Helbling Peter, Schoch Otto D, van der Werf Marieke J, Kranzer Katharina, Fiebig Lena, Kröger Stefan, Haas Walter, Hoffmann Harald, Indra Alexander, Egli Adrian, Cirillo Daniela M, Robert Jérôme, Rogers Thomas R, Groenheit Ramona, Mengshoel Anne T, Mathys Vanessa, Haanperä Marjo, Soolingen Dick van, Niemann Stefan, Böttger Erik C, Keller Peter M, Avsar Korkut, Bauer Christoph, Bernasconi Enos, Borroni Emanuele, Brusin Sergio, Coscollá Dévis Mireia, Crook Derrick W., Dedicoat Martin, Fitzgibbon Margaret, Gagneux Sébastien, Geiger Francisca, Guthmann Jean-Paul, Hendrickx David, Hoffmann-Thiel Sabine, van Ingen Jakko, Jackson Sarah, Jaton Katia, Lange Christoph, Mazza Stalder Jessica, O'Donnell Joan, Opota Onya, Peto Tim E.A., Preiswerk Benjamin, Roycroft Emma, Sato Mariko, Schacher Regina, Schulthess Bettina, Smith E. Grace, Soini Hanna, Sougakoff Wladimir, Tagliani Elisa, Utpatel Christian, Veziris Nicolas, Wagner-Wiening Christiane, Witschi Mark
ISSN
1473-3099
Publication state
Published
Issued date
04/2018
Volume
18
Number
4
Pages
431-440
Language
english
Abstract
SummaryBackground The risk of tuberculosis outbreaks among people fleeing hardship for refuge in Europe is heightened. We describe the cross-border European response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among patients from the Horn of Africa and Sudan. Methods On April 29 and May 30, 2016, the Swiss and German National Mycobacterial Reference Laboratories independently triggered an outbreak investigation after four patients were diagnosed with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. In this molecular epidemiological study, we prospectively defined outbreak cases with 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) profiles; phenotypic resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, and capreomycin; and corresponding drug resistance mutations. We whole-genome sequenced all Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and clustered them using a threshold of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We collated epidemiological data from host countries from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Findings Between Feb 12, 2016, and April 19, 2017, 29 patients were diagnosed with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in seven European countries. All originated from the Horn of Africa or Sudan, with all isolates two SNPs or fewer apart. 22 (76%) patients reported their travel routes, with clear spatiotemporal overlap between routes. We identified a further 29 MIRU-VNTR-linked cases from the Horn of Africa that predated the outbreak, but all were more than five SNPs from the outbreak. However all 58 isolates shared a capreomycin resistance-associated tlyA mutation. Interpretation Our data suggest that source cases are linked to an M tuberculosis clone circulating in northern Somalia or Djibouti and that transmission probably occurred en route before arrival in Europe. We hypothesise that the shared mutation of tlyA is a drug resistance mutation and phylogenetic marker, the first of its kind in M tuberculosis sensu stricto. Funding The Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, the University of Zurich, the Wellcome Trust, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), the Medical Research Council, BELTA-TBnet, the European Union, the German Center for Infection Research, and Leibniz Science Campus Evolutionary Medicine of the Lung (EvoLUNG).
Keywords
Infectious Diseases
Pubmed
Open Access
Yes
Create date
15/02/2019 12:04
Last modification date
20/08/2019 13:57
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