Plasticity of astrocytic coverage and glutamate transporter expression in adult mouse cortex.

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Serval ID
serval:BIB_46FC2E9872FF
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Plasticity of astrocytic coverage and glutamate transporter expression in adult mouse cortex.
Journal
PLoS Biology
Author(s)
Genoud C., Quairiaux C., Steiner P., Hirling H., Welker E., Knott G.W.
ISSN
1545-7885
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2006
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
4
Number
11
Pages
e343
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't - Old month value : oct
Abstract
Astrocytes play a major role in the removal of glutamate from the extracellular compartment. This clearance limits the glutamate receptor activation and affects the synaptic response. This function of the astrocyte is dependent on its positioning around the synapse, as well as on the level of expression of its high-affinity glutamate transporters, GLT1 and GLAST. Using Western blot analysis and serial section electron microscopy, we studied how a change in sensory activity affected these parameters in the adult cortex. Using mice, we found that 24 h of whisker stimulation elicited a 2-fold increase in the expression of GLT1 and GLAST in the corresponding cortical column of the barrel cortex. This returns to basal levels 4 d after the stimulation was stopped, whereas the expression of the neuronal glutamate transporter EAAC1 remained unaltered throughout. Ultrastructural analysis from the same region showed that sensory stimulation also causes a significant increase in the astrocytic envelopment of excitatory synapses on dendritic spines. We conclude that a period of modified neuronal activity and synaptic release of glutamate leads to an increased astrocytic coverage of the bouton-spine interface and an increase in glutamate transporter expression in astrocytic processes.
Keywords
Amino Acid Transport System X-AG, Animals, Astrocytes, Cerebral Cortex, Dendritic Spines, Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2, Female, Gene Expression, Gene Expression Regulation, Mice, Mice, Inbred ICR, Models, Biological, Neuronal Plasticity, Presynaptic Terminals, Synaptic Transmission, Vibrissae
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
24/01/2008 14:40
Last modification date
17/12/2020 13:29
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