Assessment of recent HIV-1 infection by a line immunoassay for HIV-1/2 confirmation.

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Serval ID
serval:BIB_3C3E04EF3399
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Assessment of recent HIV-1 infection by a line immunoassay for HIV-1/2 confirmation.
Journal
PLoS Medicine
Author(s)
Schüpbach J., Gebhardt M.D., Tomasik Z., Niederhauser C., Yerly S., Bürgisser P., Matter L., Gorgievski M., Dubs R., Schultze D., Steffen I., Andreutti C., Martinetti G., Güntert B., Staub R., Daneel S., Vernazza P.
ISSN
1549-1676[electronic]
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2007
Volume
4
Number
12
Pages
e343
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Comparative Study ; Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't - Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Knowledge of the number of recent HIV infections is important for epidemiologic surveillance. Over the past decade approaches have been developed to estimate this number by testing HIV-seropositive specimens with assays that discriminate the lower concentration and avidity of HIV antibodies in early infection. We have investigated whether this "recency" information can also be gained from an HIV confirmatory assay. METHODS AND FINDINGS: The ability of a line immunoassay (INNO-LIA HIV I/II Score, Innogenetics) to distinguish recent from older HIV-1 infection was evaluated in comparison with the Calypte HIV-1 BED Incidence enzyme immunoassay (BED-EIA). Both tests were conducted prospectively in all HIV infections newly diagnosed in Switzerland from July 2005 to June 2006. Clinical and laboratory information indicative of recent or older infection was obtained from physicians at the time of HIV diagnosis and used as the reference standard. BED-EIA and various recency algorithms utilizing the antibody reaction to INNO-LIA's five HIV-1 antigen bands were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. A total of 765 HIV-1 infections, 748 (97.8%) with complete test results, were newly diagnosed during the study. A negative or indeterminate HIV antibody assay at diagnosis, symptoms of primary HIV infection, or a negative HIV test during the past 12 mo classified 195 infections (26.1%) as recent (< or = 12 mo). Symptoms of CDC stages B or C classified 161 infections as older (21.5%), and 392 patients with no symptoms remained unclassified. BED-EIA ruled 65% of the 195 recent infections as recent and 80% of the 161 older infections as older. Two INNO-LIA algorithms showed 50% and 40% sensitivity combined with 95% and 99% specificity, respectively. Estimation of recent infection in the entire study population, based on actual results of the three tests and adjusted for a test's sensitivity and specificity, yielded 37% for BED-EIA compared to 35% and 33% for the two INNO-LIA algorithms. Window-based estimation with BED-EIA yielded 41% (95% confidence interval 36%-46%). CONCLUSIONS: Recency information can be extracted from INNO-LIA-based confirmatory testing at no additional costs. This method should improve epidemiologic surveillance in countries that routinely use INNO-LIA for HIV confirmation.
Keywords
AIDS Serodiagnosis, Algorithms, Antibody Affinity, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Blotting, Western, Disease Progression, Female, HIV Antibodies, HIV Infections, HIV Seropositivity, HIV Seroprevalence, HIV-1, HIV-2, Humans, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Male, Mass Screening, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Research Design, Sensitivity and Specificity, Switzerland
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
31/03/2009 11:05
Last modification date
20/08/2019 13:32
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