Skeletal muscle mitochondria in the elderly: effects of physical fitness and exercise training.

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Serval ID
serval:BIB_2C57FD4521EE
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Skeletal muscle mitochondria in the elderly: effects of physical fitness and exercise training.
Journal
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Author(s)
Broskey N.T., Greggio C., Boss A., Boutant M., Dwyer A., Schlueter L., Hans D., Gremion G., Kreis R., Boesch C., Canto C., Amati F.
ISSN
1945-7197 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
0021-972X
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2014
Volume
99
Number
5
Pages
1852-1861
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tPublication Status: ppublish
Abstract
CONTEXT: Sarcopenia is thought to be associated with mitochondrial (Mito) loss. It is unclear whether the decrease in Mito content is consequent to aging per se or to decreased physical activity.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to examine the influence of fitness on Mito content and function and to assess whether exercise could improve Mito function in older adults.
DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: Three distinct studies were conducted: 1) a cross-sectional observation comparing Mito content and fitness in a large heterogeneous cohort of older adults; 2) a case-control study comparing chronically endurance-trained older adults and sedentary (S) subjects matched for age and gender; and 3) a 4-month exercise intervention in S.
SETTING: The study was conducted at a university-based clinical research center.
OUTCOMES: Mito volume density (MitoVd) was assessed by electron microscopy from vastus lateralis biopsies, electron transport chain proteins by Western blotting, mRNAs for transcription factors involved in M biogenesis by quantitative RT-PCR, and in vivo oxidative capacity (ATPmax) by (31)P-magnetice resonance spectroscopy. Peak oxygen uptake was measured by graded exercise test.
RESULTS: Peak oxygen uptake was strongly correlated with MitoVd in 80 60- to 80-year-old adults. Comparison of chronically endurance-trained older adults vs S revealed differences in MitoVd, ATPmax, and some electron transport chain protein complexes. Finally, exercise intervention confirmed that S subjects are able to recover MitoVd, ATPmax, and specific transcription factors.
CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest the following: 1) aging per se is not the primary culprit leading to Mito dysfunction; 2) an aerobic exercise program, even at an older age, can ameliorate the loss in skeletal muscle Mito content and may prevent aging muscle comorbidities; and 3) the improvement of Mito function is all about content.
Keywords
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging/physiology, Case-Control Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Exercise/physiology, Exercise Test, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, Middle Aged, Mitochondria, Muscle/physiology, Muscle, Skeletal/physiology, Physical Fitness/physiology
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Funding(s)
Swiss National Science Foundation / Careers / PZ00P3-126339
Swiss National Science Foundation / Careers / PZ00P3-149398
Create date
30/10/2014 17:33
Last modification date
21/11/2022 8:26
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