Comparative genomics and the nature of placozoan species.

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Version: Final published version
License: CC BY 4.0
Serval ID
serval:BIB_084505C4CC5A
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Comparative genomics and the nature of placozoan species.
Journal
PLoS biology
Author(s)
Eitel M., Francis W.R., Varoqueaux F., Daraspe J., Osigus H.J., Krebs S., Vargas S., Blum H., Williams G.A., Schierwater B., Wörheide G.
ISSN
1545-7885 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
1544-9173
Publication state
Published
Issued date
07/2018
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
16
Number
7
Pages
e2005359
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: epublish
Abstract
Placozoans are a phylum of nonbilaterian marine animals currently represented by a single described species, Trichoplax adhaerens, Schulze 1883. Placozoans arguably show the simplest animal morphology, which is identical among isolates collected worldwide, despite an apparently sizeable genetic diversity within the phylum. Here, we use a comparative genomics approach for a deeper appreciation of the structure and causes of the deeply diverging lineages in the Placozoa. We generated a high-quality draft genome of the genetic lineage H13 isolated from Hong Kong and compared it to the distantly related T. adhaerens. We uncovered substantial structural differences between the two genomes that point to a deep genomic separation and provide support that adaptation by gene duplication is likely a crucial mechanism in placozoan speciation. We further provide genetic evidence for reproductively isolated species and suggest a genus-level difference of H13 to T. adhaerens, justifying the designation of H13 as a new species, Hoilungia hongkongensis nov. gen., nov. spec., now the second described placozoan species and the first in a new genus. Our multilevel comparative genomics approach is, therefore, likely to prove valuable for species distinctions in other cryptic microscopic animal groups that lack diagnostic morphological characters, such as some nematodes, copepods, rotifers, or mites.
Keywords
Alleles, Animals, Base Sequence, DNA, Ribosomal/genetics, Gene Duplication, Gene Rearrangement/genetics, Genetic Speciation, Genetic Variation, Genome, Genomics, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Phylogeny, Placozoa/genetics, Placozoa/ultrastructure, Reproductive Isolation
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
07/08/2018 10:50
Last modification date
20/08/2019 12:30
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