Mechanismen des Proteinimports in das humane endoplasmatische Retikulum

Abstract

In human cells, one third of all polypeptides enter the secretory pathway at the ER. This process involves N-terminal signal peptides or internal transmembrane helices in the precursors and one hundred cytosolic and ER proteins, which facilitate their ER import or processing. In the past fifty years four pathways for targeting of precursors to the Sec61 channel plus various allosteric channel effectors and supporting or stand alone membrane protein insertases were characterized by the field.