Mariner Transposons Contain a Silencer: Possible Role of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2.

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Serval ID
serval:BIB_D68151E66A82
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Mariner Transposons Contain a Silencer: Possible Role of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2.
Journal
PLoS Genetics
Author(s)
Bire S., Casteret S., Piégu B., Beauclair L., Moiré N., Arensbuger P., Bigot Y.
ISSN
1553-7404 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
1553-7390
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2016
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
12
Number
3
Pages
e1005902
Language
english
Abstract
Transposable elements are driving forces for establishing genetic innovations such as transcriptional regulatory networks in eukaryotic genomes. Here, we describe a silencer situated in the last 300 bp of the Mos1 transposase open reading frame (ORF) which functions in vertebrate and arthropod cells. Functional silencers are also found at similar locations within three other animal mariner elements, i.e. IS630-Tc1-mariner (ITm) DD34D elements, Himar1, Hsmar1 and Mcmar1. These silencers are able to impact eukaryotic promoters monitoring strong, moderate or low expression as well as those of mariner elements located upstream of the transposase ORF. We report that the silencing involves at least two transcription factors (TFs) that are conserved within animal species, NFAT-5 and Alx1. These cooperatively act with YY1 to trigger the silencing activity. Four other housekeeping transcription factors (TFs), neuron restrictive silencer factor (NRSF), GAGA factor (GAF) and GTGT factor (GTF), were also found to have binding sites within mariner silencers but their impact in modulating the silencer activity remains to be further specified. Interestingly, an NRSF binding site was found to overlap a 30 bp motif coding a highly conserved PHxxYSPDLAPxD peptide in mariner transposases. We also present experimental evidence that silencing is mainly achieved by co-opting the host Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 pathway. However, we observe that when PRC2 is impaired another host silencing pathway potentially takes over to maintain weak silencer activity. Mariner silencers harbour features of Polycomb Response Elements, which are probably a way for mariner elements to self-repress their transcription and mobility in somatic and germinal cells when the required TFs are expressed. At the evolutionary scale, mariner elements, through their exaptation, might have been a source of silencers playing a role in the chromatin configuration in eukaryotic genomes.
Keywords
Amino Acid Motifs/genetics, Animals, Chromatin/genetics, DNA Transposable Elements/genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism, Genome, HeLa Cells, Homeodomain Proteins/genetics, Humans, NFATC Transcription Factors/genetics, Polycomb Repressive Complex 2/genetics, Polycomb Repressive Complex 2/metabolism, Silencer Elements, Transcriptional/genetics, Transposases/genetics, Transposases/metabolism
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
12/08/2016 13:19
Last modification date
20/08/2019 15:56
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