Leukemoid Reaction in Infant Pertussis: Is There a Place for Hydroxyurea? A Case Report.

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State: Public
Version: Final published version
License: CC BY 4.0
Serval ID
serval:BIB_7FD3A304D580
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Publication sub-type
Case report (case report): feedback on an observation with a short commentary.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Leukemoid Reaction in Infant Pertussis: Is There a Place for Hydroxyurea? A Case Report.
Journal
Frontiers in pediatrics
Author(s)
Maitre G., Schaffner D., Natterer J., Longchamp D., Ferry T., Diezi M., Di Bernardo S., Perez M.H., Amiet V.
ISSN
2296-2360 (Print)
ISSN-L
2296-2360
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2018
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
6
Pages
261
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article
Publication Status: epublish
Abstract
A 73-days old infant of 34 weeks' gestation was hospitalized with a co-infection of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and <i>Bordetella pertussis (BP)</i> . She required invasive ventilation for 9 days in the context of malignant pertussis with persistent hypoxemia and hypercapnia secondary to a leukemoid reaction. Despite an increase of white blood cell (WBC) count up to 70 G/L and ensuing pulmonary hypertension, no hemodynamic compromise occurred. Without clear indication for leukapheresis nor exchange transfusion, an off-label treatment with hydroxyurea was given for 5 days with gradual decrease of WBC count, without any complication and hospital discharge on day 29. To our knowledge, no effective therapy for malignant pertussis has been described in the literature and complications are frequent with leukoreduction procedures. We discuss an alternative to invasive procedures in young infants to fulfill the need to decrease rapidly leukocyte counts in a leukemoid reaction associated with <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> infection. To our knowledge, hydroxyurea has never been used in malignant pertussis but is a well-known medication for oncologic and hematologic diseases such as acute myeloid leukemia or sickle cell anemia. Its effects in this setting are not well understood but the positive outcome in our patient supports the need for further studies.
Keywords
bordetella pertussis, hydroxyurea, hyperleukocytosis, leukemoid reaction, white blood cell count
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
15/10/2018 16:48
Last modification date
20/06/2022 8:14
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