The Effect of Balancing Selection on Population Differentiation: A Study with HLA Genes.

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State: Public
Version: Final published version
Serval ID
serval:BIB_6EA8F8E383C5
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
The Effect of Balancing Selection on Population Differentiation: A Study with HLA Genes.
Journal
G3
Author(s)
Brandt DYC, César J., Goudet J., Meyer D.
ISSN
2160-1836 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
2160-1836
Publication state
Published
Issued date
31/07/2018
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
8
Number
8
Pages
2805-2815
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: epublish
Abstract
Balancing selection is defined as a class of selective regimes that maintain polymorphism above what is expected under neutrality. Theory predicts that balancing selection reduces population differentiation, as measured by FST. However, balancing selection regimes in which different sets of alleles are maintained in different populations could increase population differentiation. To tackle the connection between balancing selection and population differentiation, we investigated population differentiation at the HLA genes, which constitute the most striking example of balancing selection in humans. We found that population differentiation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the HLA genes is on average lower than that of SNPs in other genomic regions. We show that these results require using a computation that accounts for the dependence of FST on allele frequencies. However, in pairs of closely related populations, where genome-wide differentiation is low, differentiation at HLA is higher than in other genomic regions. Such increased population differentiation at HLA genes for recently diverged population pairs was reproduced in simulations of overdominant selection, as long as the fitness of the homozygotes differs between the diverging populations. The results give insight into a possible "divergent overdominance" mechanism for the nature of balancing selection on HLA genes across human populations.
Keywords
Algorithms, Alleles, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Frequency, Genetics, Population, HLA Antigens/genetics, Haplotypes, Humans, Models, Genetic, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Selection, Genetic, HLA, balancing selection, population differentiation
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
29/06/2018 15:59
Last modification date
21/11/2022 8:09
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