Effects of triamcinolone acetonide on vessels of the posterior segment of the eye.

Details

Ressource 1Download: 20011077_BIB_4E41553891A5.pdf (1844.76 [Ko])
State: Public
Version: Final published version
Serval ID
serval:BIB_4E41553891A5
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Effects of triamcinolone acetonide on vessels of the posterior segment of the eye.
Journal
Molecular Vision
Author(s)
Valamanesh F., Berdugo M., Sennlaub F., Savoldelli M., Goumeaux C., Houssier M., Jeanny J.C., Torriglia A., Behar-Cohen F.
ISSN
1090-0535 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
1090-0535
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2009
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
15
Pages
2634-2648
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal ArticlePublication Status: epublish
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study investigates the effects of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) on retinal endothelial cells in vitro and explores the potential vascular toxic effect of TA injected into the vitreous cavity of rats in vivo.
METHODS: Subconfluent endothelial cells were treated with either 0.1 mg/ml or 1 mg/ml TA in 1% ethanol. Control cells were either untreated or exposed to 1% ethanol. Cell viability was evaluated at 24 h, 72 h, and five days using the tetrazolium 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 phenyltetrazolium bromide test (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Cell proliferation was evaluated by 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) test. Apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay (TUNEL assay), annexin-binding, and caspase 3 activation. Caspase-independent cell deaths were investigated by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), cytochrome C, microtubule-associated protein (MAP)-light chain 3 (MAP-LC3), and Leukocyte Elastase Inhibitor/Leukocyte Elastase Inhibitor-derived DNase II (LEI/L-DNase II). In vivo, semithin and ultrathin structure analysis and vascular casts were performed to examine TA-induced changes of the choroidal vasculature. In addition, outer segments phagocytosis assay on primary retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells was performed to assess cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNAs upregulation with or without TA.
RESULTS: The inhibitory effect of TA on cell proliferation could not explain the significant reduction in cell viability. Indeed, TA induced a time-dependent reduction of bovine retinal endothelial cells viability. Annexin-binding positive cells were observed. Cytochrome C was not released from mitochondria. L-DNase II was found translocated to the nucleus, meaning that LEI was changed into L-DNase II. AIF was found nuclearized in some cells. LC3 labeling showed the absence of autophagic vesicles. No autophagy or caspase dependent apoptosis was identified. At 1 mg/ml TA induced necrosis while exposure to lower concentrations for 3 to 5 days induced caspase independent apoptosis involving AIF and LEI/L-DNase II. In vivo, semithin and ultrathin structure analysis and vascular casts revealed that TA mostly affected the choroidal vasculature with a reduction of choroidal thickness and increased the avascular areas of the choriocapillaries. Experiments performed on primary RPE cells showed that TA downregulates the basal expression of COX-2 and VEGF and inhibits the outer segments (OS)-dependent COX-2 induction but not the OS-dependent VEGF induction.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates for the first time that glucocorticoids exert direct toxic effect on endothelial cells through caspase-independent cell death mechanisms. The choroidal changes observed after TA intravitreous injection may have important implications regarding the safety profile of TA use in human eyes.
Keywords
Animals, Apoptosis/drug effects, Autophagy/drug effects, Caspases/metabolism, Cattle, Cell Proliferation/drug effects, Cell Survival/drug effects, Choroid/blood supply, Choroid/drug effects, Corrosion Casting, Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism, Endothelial Cells/cytology, Endothelial Cells/drug effects, Epithelial Cells/cytology, Epithelial Cells/drug effects, Eye/anatomy & histology, Eye/blood supply, Phagocytosis/drug effects, Rats, Retina/cytology, Time Factors, Triamcinolone Acetonide/toxicity, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
Pubmed
Web of science
Create date
23/08/2013 7:57
Last modification date
20/08/2019 14:03
Usage data