Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling: A New Player in Thyroid Pathophysiology and Thyroid Cancer.

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State: Public
Version: Final published version
License: CC BY 4.0
Serval ID
serval:BIB_46BD9E21EAE9
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Publication sub-type
Review (review): journal as complete as possible of one specific subject, written based on exhaustive analyses from published work.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling: A New Player in Thyroid Pathophysiology and Thyroid Cancer.
Journal
Frontiers in endocrinology
Author(s)
Renaud C.O., Ziros P.G., Chartoumpekis D.V., Bongiovanni M., Sykiotis G.P.
ISSN
1664-2392 (Print)
ISSN-L
1664-2392
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2019
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
10
Pages
510
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Review
Publication Status: epublish
Abstract
The Keap1/Nrf2 pathway is a key mediator of general redox and tissue-specific homeostasis. It also exerts a dual role in cancer, by preventing cell transformation of normal cells but promoting aggressiveness, and drug resistance of malignant ones. Although Nrf2 is well-studied in other tissues, its roles in the thyroid gland are only recently emerging. This review focuses on the involvement of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling in thyroid physiology, and pathophysiology in general, and particularly in thyroid cancer. Studies in mice and cultured follicular cells have shown that, under physiological conditions, Nrf2 coordinates antioxidant defenses, directly increases thyroglobulin production and inhibits its iodination. Increased Nrf2 pathway activation has been reported in two independent families with multinodular goiters due to germline loss-of-function mutations in KEAP1. Nrf2 pathway activation has also been documented in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), due to somatic mutations, or epigenetic modifications in KEAP1, or other pathway components. In PTC, such Nrf2-activating KEAP1 mutations have been associated with tumor aggressiveness. Furthermore, polymorphisms in the prototypical Nrf2 target genes NQO1 and NQO2 have been associated with extra-thyroidal extension and metastasis. More recently, mutations in the Nrf2 pathway have also been found in Hürthle-cell (oncocytic) thyroid carcinoma. Finally, in in vitro, and in vivo models of poorly-differentiated, and undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid carcinoma, Nrf2 activation has been associated with resistance to experimental molecularly-targeted therapy. Thus, Keap1/Nrf2 signaling is involved in both benign and malignant thyroid conditions, where it might serve as a prognostic marker or therapeutic target.
Keywords
Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1), Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), antioxidant, goiter, oxidative stress, thyroglobulin, thyroid
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Funding(s)
Swiss National Science Foundation / Programmes / IZCOZ0-177070
Other / Swiss National Science Fund 31003A_182105
Fondation Leenaards / 2016 Fellowship for Academic Promotion in Clinical Medicine
Create date
30/08/2019 22:38
Last modification date
09/12/2019 7:08
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