Is the presence of an intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins associated with neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected patients?

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State: Public
Version: After imprimatur
Serval ID
serval:BIB_4622BB605918
Type
A Master's thesis.
Publication sub-type
Master (thesis) (master)
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Is the presence of an intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins associated with neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected patients?
Author(s)
BADOUX T.
Director(s)
DU PASQUIER R.
Codirector(s)
CAVASSINI M.
Institution details
Université de Lausanne, Faculté de biologie et médecine
Publication state
Accepted
Issued date
2014
Language
english
Number of pages
13
Abstract
Worldwide, the incidence of HIV-associated dementia has decreased However, the prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), mostly the milder forms, i.e. mild neurocognitve disorders (MND) and asymptomatic neurocognitive impairments (ANI) has increased in the combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) era. Indeed, 20% to 60% of well- treated HIV-infected patients, i.e. with undetectable HIV viremia, still present HAND in the cART era. HAND are characterized by psychomotor slowing, memory loss, and attention deficit. Possible explanations for this paradoxical phenomenon encompass: increased survival of HIV- infected patients thank to cART, low grade inflammation of the brain insufficient penetrance of antiretroviral drugs through the blood brain barrier (BBB), or on the contrary, toxic effect of some antiretroviral drugs.
These somewhat contradictory hypotheses underline our poor understanding of HAND physiopathology. Here, we aim at determining whether the intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins G (IgG), hereafter referred as cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal band (CSF OB), may help us in better understanding the immunopathogenesis of cognitive disorders. By analogy with other infection, such as syphilis or neuroborreliosis (9, 10), one can assume that, in the case of HIV-infected patients, the CSF OB are directed against HIV proteins (11). Nevertheless, in the case of HIV, the meaning of such CSF OB is unclear. Indeed, it is unknown
whether this intrathecal inflammatory reaction is beneficial (viral control) or harmful (brain parenchyma destruction by the different inflammatory factors). Here, we looked at the association between CSF OB and cognitive disorders in HIV-infected patients, hypothesizing that if these CSF OB are protective, one should see an inverse correlation with the presence of
cognitive disorders.
Create date
07/09/2015 9:07
Last modification date
20/08/2019 13:51
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