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| Home > Publications database > Methoden für die Bemessung der Leistungsfähigkeit multidirektional genutzter Fußverkehrsanlagen |
| Book/Dissertation / PhD Thesis | FZJ-2017-00069 |
2016
Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag
Jülich
ISBN: 978-3-95806-191-0
Please use a persistent id in citations: http://hdl.handle.net/2128/13519 urn:nbn:de:0001-2016120103
Abstract: All relevant national and international regulations for dimensioning the pedestrian traffic facilities are based on Oedings’s and Fruin’s level of service concept from the second half of the last century. It defines quality levels that describe the correlation between density and comfort in pedestrian flows. The scientific background for this is provided by the fundamental diagram. It shows the relationship between density and velocity or density and traffic flow respectively. However, for bi- and multidirectional traffic as in stations or at major events no reliable empirical data exist. Furthermore, for multidirectional traffic at intersections there are no methods available to describe the relationship between speed, density and flow in a consistent way. This work introduces new methods for assessing the capacity of pedestrian traffic facilities which are used multidirectionally. It is empirically based on laboratory experiments with approximately up to 1000 volunteers which are conducted as part of the research projects BaSiGo and Hermes. The concept allows to determine consistently the flow of people, the density and the speed on multidirectional used traffic facilities. It generalises the space-time averages for the vehicular traffic, that Edie described in the 1960s, on pedestrian traffic in any order. In addition, a scaling factor is established that enables to transfer the results to such pedestrian traffic facilities, which have not been directly investigated. For this purpose, the “specific flow concept”, which has proven itself in uni- and bidirectional traffic, has been generalised, so that it can be applied to the multi-directional pedestrian traffic on intersections. Furthermore, a methodological approach is developed to quantify the “conflict density” within a people flow to describe the differences in the performance of the same traffic facility for different types of use - for example unidirectional vs. bidirectional traffic. The established parameters of performance are integrated into the level of $\textit{safety}$ concept. This concept has been developed within the research project BaSiGo. It is based on the established level of service concept, however, it focuses on the aspect of safety at major events. Instead of a fine-scaled subdivision of quality levels, as prescribed in the level of service concept, the new classification with the level of safety concept is based on a practicable traffic light system.
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